Exopolysaccharide Produced by Pediococcus pentosaceus E8: Structure, Bio-Activities, and Its Potential Application

Abstract

The novel exopolysaccharide EPS-E8, secreted by Pediococcus pentosaceus E8, was obtained by anion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography. Structural analyses identified EPS-E8 as a heteropolysaccharide containing mannose, glucose, and galactose. Its major backbone consists of →2)-α-D-Manp-(1→2,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→6)-α-D-Manp-(1→, and its molecular weight is 5.02 × 104 g/mol. Using atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, many spherical and irregular reticular-like shapes were observed in the microstructure of EPS-E8. EPS-E8 has outstanding thermal stability (305.7°C). Both the zeta potential absolute value and average particle diameter increased gradually with increasing concentration. Moreover, at a concentration of 10 mg/ml, the antioxidant capacities of, 1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ABTS and hydroxyl radical were 50.62 ± 0.5%, 52.17 ± 1.4%, and 58.91 ± 0.7%, respectively. EPS-E8 possesses excellent emulsifying properties against several food-grade oils, and its activity is retained under various conditions (temperature, pH, and ionic strength). Finally, we found that EPS-E8 as a polysaccharide-based coating could reduce the weight loss and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of strawberry, as well as preserving the vitamin C and soluble solid content during storage at 20°C. Together, the results support the potential application of EPS-E8 as an emulsifier, and a polysaccharide-based coating in fruit preservation.

Isolation, identification, and fermentation characteristics of endogenous lactic acid bacteria derived from edible mushrooms

“…It widely exists in fermented plants, such as pickled pickles, sugar beets, and other foods. Moreover, it is often used as a starter for soy sauce fermentation and fish pickling, as well as a preservative to prolong the preservation time of natural fruit (Jiang et al, 2022). Furthermore, L. plantarum is often found in fermented vegetables and fruit juices.…”

Structural characterization and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of EPS from Pediococcus pentosaceus 4412 in LPS-induced mice model

“…Further, EPS produced by Ped. pentosaceus E8 has disclosed analogous details like smooth, spherical, and aky appearance [11]. AFM has been extensively used to observe the supramolecular structure and microscopic surface morphology of polysaccharides.…”

“…There are only limited reports on the anticancer, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and rheological properties of EPS secreted by Ped. pentosaceus [10][11][12]. Antibio lm activity, oxidative stress, and histopathology of the liver and spleen have not been reported so far using EPS of Ped.…”

Challenges and opportunities in elucidating the structures of biofilm exopolysaccharides: A case study of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa exopolysaccharide called Pel

“…Such analytical assays include traditional biochemical analyses that rely on efforts to solubilize the EPS (e.g., solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry). 28,30,31,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] Each of these methods yields different information regarding EPS monosaccharide composition, linkage, anomeric configuration, and relative amount in the total biofilm matrix. Typically, approaches using solution NMR and mass spectrometry require processing such as hydrolysis to analyze the EPS sample, which can lead to misidentification of EPS structure.…”

“…However, because EPS is not a primary gene product, additional analytical assays are required to definitively determine the identity of the EPS. Such analytical assays include traditional biochemical analyses that rely on efforts to solubilize the EPS (e.g., solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry) 28,30,31,42–53 . Each of these methods yields different information regarding EPS monosaccharide composition, linkage, anomeric configuration, and relative amount in the total biofilm matrix.…”