Exopolysaccharides of Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Matthysse, Ann G.

doi:10.1007/82_2018_100

Cited by 18 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Five of these genes have known functions as follows: Atu2730 chvB [␤-(1,2)-glucan synthesis] (17), Atu3307 celC (cellulose synthesis) (18), Atu4055 exoK (succinoglycan synthesis) (19), Atu5162 avhB1 (a component of a type 4 secretion system), and Atu6167 virB1 (a component of a type 4 secretion system) (20). CelC, ExoK, and AvhB1 are not required for virulence (21). ChvB is required for virulence under most, but not all, conditions (21).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glycoside Hydrolase Genes Are Required for Virulence of Agrobacterium tumefaciens on Bryophyllum daigremontiana and Tomato

Mathews

Hannah

Samagaio

et al. 2019

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a rhizosphere bacterium that can infect wound sites on plants. The bacterium transfers a segment of DNA (T-DNA) from the Ti plasmid to the plant host cell via a type IV secretion system where the DNA becomes integrated into the host cell chromosomes. The expression of T-DNA in the plant results in tumor formation. Although the binding of the bacteria to plant surfaces has been studied previously, there is little work on possible interactions of the bacteria with the plant cell wall. Seven of the 48 genes encoding putative glycoside hydrolases (Atu2295, Atu2371, Atu3104, Atu3129, Atu4560, Atu4561, and Atu4665) in the genome of A. tumefaciens C58 were found to play a role in virulence on tomato and Bryophyllum daigremontiana. Two of these genes (pglA and pglB; Atu3129 and Atu4560) encode enzymes capable of digesting polygalacturonic acid and, thus, may play a role in the digestion of pectin. One gene (arfA; Atu3104) encodes an arabinosylfuranosidase, which could remove arabinose from the ends of polysaccharide chains. Two genes (bglA and bglB; Atu2295 and Atu4561) encode proteins with ␤-glycosidase activity and could digest a variety of plant cell wall oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. One gene (xynA; Atu2371) encodes a putative xylanase, which may play a role in the digestion of xylan. Another gene (melA; Atu4665) encodes a protein with ␣-galactosidase activity and may be involved in the breakdown of arabinogalactans. Limited digestion of the plant cell wall by A. tumefaciens may be involved in tumor formation on tomato and B. daigremontiana. IMPORTANCE A. tumefaciens is used in the construction of genetically engineered plants, as it is able to transfer DNA to plant hosts. Knowledge of the mechanisms of DNA transfer and the genes required will aid in the understanding of this process. Manipulation of glycoside hydrolases may increase transformation and widen the host range of the bacterium. A. tumefaciens also causes disease (crown gall tumors) on a variety of plants, including stone fruit trees, grapes, and grafted ornamentals such as roses. It is possible that compounds that inhibit glycoside hydrolases could be used to control crown gall disease caused by A. tumefaciens.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CelC, ExoK, and AvhB1 are not required for virulence (21). ChvB is required for virulence under most, but not all, conditions (21). VirB1 is one of the genes required for the elaboration on the T pilus and is required for virulence (1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycoside Hydrolase Genes Are Required for Virulence of Agrobacterium tumefaciens on Bryophyllum daigremontiana and Tomato

Mathews

Hannah

Samagaio

et al. 2019

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Biosynthesis of EPS is the second way of resisting high or low environmental osmolarities. Agrobacterium can synthesize diverse kinds of EPS: β-1-2-glucan ( atu2728–atu2730 ) (Cangelosi et al, 1990), curdlan ( atu3355–atu3357 ) (Stasinopoulos et al, 1999; McIntosh et al, 2005; Lassalle et al, 2011; Ruffing and Chen, 2012), succinoglycan ( atu4049–atu4060; atu4166; atu3325–atu3327 ) (Tomlinson et al, 2010), unipolar polysaccharide ( atu1235–atu1240; atu0102 ), cellulose ( atu3303–atu3309 ) (Matthysse, 2018). Among the EPS, only curdlan is specific to the “ A. fabrum ” species (Lassalle et al, 2011, 2017).…”

Section: Tumor Development Causes Stress In Bacterial and Plant Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some Agrobacterium genes involved in EPS (curdlan) production are expressed in C58-induced tumors (González-Mula et al, 2018) where they may serve as osmoprotectants. Alternatively, they could be useful for cell adhesion, as some of these EPSs are involved in that process (for a review see Matthysse, 2018). The precise role of EPS inside tumors thus remains to be deciphered.…”

Section: Tumor Development Causes Stress In Bacterial and Plant Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Conditions and Molecular Determinants Involved in Agrobacterium Lifestyle in Tumors

et al. 2019

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The study of pathogenic agents in their natural niches allows for a better understanding of disease persistence and dissemination. Bacteria belonging to the Agrobacterium genus are soil-borne and can colonize the rhizosphere. These bacteria are also well known as phytopathogens as they can cause tumors (crown gall disease) by transferring a DNA region (T-DNA) into a wide range of plants. Most reviews on Agrobacterium are focused on virulence determinants, T-DNA integration, bacterial and plant factors influencing the efficiency of genetic transformation. Recent research papers have focused on the plant tumor environment on the one hand, and genetic traits potentially involved in bacterium-plant interactions on the other hand. The present review gathers current knowledge about the special conditions encountered in the tumor environment along with the Agrobacterium genetic determinants putatively involved in bacterial persistence inside a tumor. By integrating recent metabolomic and transcriptomic studies, we describe how tumors develop and how Agrobacterium can maintain itself in this nutrient-rich but stressful and competitive environment.

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“…Cyclic β-(1,2)-glucans (CβG) are water soluble, biocompatible, and biodegradable, extracellular polysaccharides produced by Rhizobiaceae and Agrobacteriaceae family [1, 2, 3]. They help the bacterium in osmoregulation, and during plant infection [4, 5, 6, 7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic β-(1, 2)-glucan blended poly DL lactic co glycolic acid (PLGA 10:90) nanoparticles for drug delivery

Venkatachalam

Venkatesan

Ganesan

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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Our group had previously reported the encapsulation efficiency of cyclic β-(1, 2)-glucan for various drugs. The current study is aimed at evaluating the use of glucan as a drug carrier system by blending with poly lactic-co- glycolic acid (L:G = 10:90). Nanoparticles of glucan (0.5, 5, 10 and 20 wt %) blended with PLGA and gentamicin were synthesized. Encapsulation efficiency was higher for the blends (93% with 20 wt % of glucan) than the PLGA alone (79.8%). The presence of glucan enhanced both the biodegradability, and biocompatibility of PLGA. Degradation of the nanoparticles in vitro, was autocatalytic with an initial burst release of active drug and the release profile was modeled using the Korsmeyer-Peppas scheme. In vivo studies indicated that the drug released from the blends had high volume of distribution, and greater clearance from the system. Pharmacokinetics of the drug was predicted using a double exponential decay model. Blending with PLGA improved the drug release characteristics of the cyclic β-(1, 2)-glucan.

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Exopolysaccharides of Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Cited by 18 publications

References 84 publications

Glycoside Hydrolase Genes Are Required for Virulence of Agrobacterium tumefaciens on Bryophyllum daigremontiana and Tomato

Glycoside Hydrolase Genes Are Required for Virulence of Agrobacterium tumefaciens on Bryophyllum daigremontiana and Tomato

Ecological Conditions and Molecular Determinants Involved in Agrobacterium Lifestyle in Tumors

Cyclic β-(1, 2)-glucan blended poly DL lactic co glycolic acid (PLGA 10:90) nanoparticles for drug delivery

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