Exopolysaccharides synthesized by Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis interact with TLR4 in intestinal epithelial cells

Castro-Bravo, Nuria; Margollés, Abelardo; Wells, Jerry M.; Ruas‐Madiedo, Patricia

doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.02.014

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The study conducted with EPS obtained from isogenic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strains represents its capability to stimulate TLR-4 regardless of their molar mass in mouse colitis model [84]. The monosaccharide galactose present in EPS of Lactobacillus reuteri Mh-001 influenced anti-inflammatory activity on the macrophages [85].…”

Section: Anti-inflammatory Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exopolysaccharides from probiotic bacteria and their health potential

Angelin

Kavitha

2020

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

391

225

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Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are extracellular macromolecules excreted as tightly bound capsule or loosely attached slime layer in microorganisms. They play most prominent role against desiccation, phagocytosis, cell recognition, phage attack, antibiotics or toxic compounds and osmotic stress. In the last few decades, natural polymers have gained much attention among scientific communities owing to their therapeutic potential. In particular the EPS retrieved from probiotic bacteria with varied carbohydrate compositions possess a plenty of beneficial properties. Different probiotic microbes have unique behavior in expressing their capability to display significant health promoting characteristics in the form of polysaccharides. In this new era of alternative medicines, these polysaccharides are considered as substitutes for synthetic drugs. The EPS finds applications in various fields like textiles, cosmetics, bioremediation, food and therapeutics. The present review is focused on sources, chemical composition, biosynthetic pathways of EPS and their biological potential. More attention has been given to the scientific investigations on antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-biofilm, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities.

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Section: Anti-inflammatory Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exopolysaccharides from probiotic bacteria and their health potential

Angelin

Kavitha

2020

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

391

225

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“…In our study the TLR signaling adaptor MyD88 was necessary to activate the NF-κB pathway by all B. breve strains tested. This was not entirely surprising considering previous studies linking bifidobacterial immunomodulation to the TLR family and MyD88 (Jeon et al, 2012;Schiavi et al, 2018;Verma et al, 2018;Castro-Bravo et al, 2019). The absence of EPS from both B. breve UCC2003 and JCM7017 drove different cytokine responses by BMDMs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…This variation could, in principle, lead to a vast number of distinct EPS structures and, theoretically to different immunomodulatory effects on the host. Reports indicate that purified EPS from two different bifidobacterial species can be detected by host innate immune PRRs – toll like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 ( Schiavi et al, 2018 ; Castro-Bravo et al, 2019 ). Bifidobacterial EPS has also been shown to ameliorate inflammation in murine pulmonary and intestinal models of inflammation ( Hidalgo-Cantabrana et al, 2016 ; Schiavi et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifidobacterium breve Exopolysaccharide Blocks Dendritic Cell Maturation and Activation of CD4+ T Cells

et al. 2021

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Exopolysaccharide (EPS) is a bacterial extracellular carbohydrate moiety which has been associated with immunomodulatory activity and host protective effects of several gut commensal bacteria. Bifidobacterium breve are early colonizers of the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) but the role of EPS in mediating their effects on the host has not been investigated for many strains. Here, we characterized EPS production by a panel of human B. breve isolates and investigated the effect of EPS status on host immune responses using human and murine cell culture-based assay systems. We report that B. breve EPS production is heterogenous across strains and that immune responses in human THP-1 monocytes are strain-specific, but not EPS status-specific. Using wild type and isogenic EPS deficient mutants of B. breve strains UCC2003 and JCM7017 we show that EPS had strain-specific divergent effects on cytokine responses from murine bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) and dendritic cells (BMDCs). The B. breve UCC2003 EPS negative (EPS–) strain increased expression of cytokine genes (Tnfa, Il6, Il12a, and Il23a) relative to untreated BMDCs and BMDCs treated with wild type strain. B. breve UCC2003 and JCM7017 EPS– strains increased expression of dendritic cell (DC) activation and maturation marker genes (Cd80, Cd83, and Cd86) relative to untreated BMDCs. Consistent with this, BMDCs co-cultured with B. breve UCC2003 and JCM7017 EPS– strains engineered to express OVA antigen activated OVA-specific OT-II CD4+ T-cells in a co-culture antigen-presentation assay while EPS proficient strains did not. Collectively, these data indicate that B. breve EPS proficient strains use EPS to prevent maturation of DCs and activation of antigen specific CD4+ T cells responses to B. breve. This study identifies a new immunomodulatory role for B. breve EPS and suggests it may be important for immune evasion of adaptive immunity by B. breve and contribute to host-microbe mutualism.

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“…In this genus, as well as in Bifidobacterium spp., heteropolysaccharides, which are those having different monosaccharides (typically D-glucose, D-galactose and L-rhamnose), are also synthesized [23]. Both EPS types constitute a protective cover for the producing bacterium, but also act as an MAMP that will be recognized by different PRRs, thus inducing different responses in the host [24]. Little is known about the PRRs involved in the recognition of EPS synthesized by probiotics.…”

Section: Exopolysaccharides and Immunomodulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Little is known about the PRRs involved in the recognition of EPS synthesized by probiotics. It has been shown that specific β-glucans could act as ligands for certain C-type lectins (such as Dectin 1) located in the intestinal epithelium [25]; additionally, specific heteropolymers synthesized by bifidobacteria or lactobacilli can be recognized by TLR (toll like receptor)-4 [24,26,27].…”

Section: Exopolysaccharides and Immunomodulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecules Produced by Probiotics and Intestinal Microorganisms with Immunomodulatory Activity

et al. 2020

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Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. The probiotic microorganisms most commonly used in the food and pharmacy industry belong to Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, and several strains of these genera have demonstrated beneficial attributes. In addition, some other intestinal bacteria inhabiting the human microbiota, such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Akkermansia muciniphila, have recently been discovered and are able to display health-promoting effects in animal and human trials. The beneficial properties of probiotics have been known for a long time, although little is known about the molecular mechanisms and the molecules responsible for their effects. However, in recent years, advances in microbiome studies, and the use of novel analytical and molecular techniques have allowed a deeper insight into their effects at the molecular level. This review summarizes the current knowledge of some of the molecules of probiotics and other intestinal commensal bacteria responsible for their immunomodulatory effect, focusing on those with more solid scientific evidence.

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Exopolysaccharides synthesized by Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis interact with TLR4 in intestinal epithelial cells

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

Exopolysaccharides from probiotic bacteria and their health potential

Exopolysaccharides from probiotic bacteria and their health potential

Bifidobacterium breve Exopolysaccharide Blocks Dendritic Cell Maturation and Activation of CD4+ T Cells

Molecules Produced by Probiotics and Intestinal Microorganisms with Immunomodulatory Activity

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