Exoskeletal cuticle differentiation during intramarsupial development of Porcellio scaber (Crustacea: Isopoda)

Mrak, Polona; Žnidaršič, Nada; Žagar, Kristina; Čeh, Miran; Štrus, Jasna

doi:10.1016/j.asd.2014.07.002

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The apical membrane protrusions in some regions suggest the secretion of the procuticle components. In this stage the procuticle in the hindgut is not sublayered as it is in fully formed cuticle, while the exoskeletal cuticle already displays ultrastructure similar to that in adults (Mrak et al 2014). As an electron dense lamina apposed to the apical membrane of the hindgut cells was observed in the preceding developmental stage – stage 18 embryo – we consider this the first epicuticle formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The apical matrix secreted by hindgut cells in late embryos of stages 16 and 18 consists of loose material overlaid by an intensely ruffled electron dense lamina and thus resembles the epidermal precuticular matrix that is formed prior to exoskeletal cuticle during embryonic development (Mrak et al 2014). Thickness of this hindgut matrix is in the same range as that of the epidermal precuticular matrix.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A cuticular matrix with the general characteristics of crustacean exoskeletal cuticle is formed in the last stages of embryonic development. The new cuticle formation in the subsequent marsupial manca stages and the renewal of the exoskeleton in late-stage marsupial mancae have been described by Mrak et al (2012, 2014). Larvae, termed postmarsupial mancae, are released from the marsupium and develop in the external environment until the juvenile stage (Tomescu and Craciun 1987, Brum and Araujo 2007, Montesanto et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Several early ultrastructural studies, probing embryonic surface matrices, were made in branchiopods, isopods and decapods (Morris and Afzelius 1967, Goudeau 1976, Goudeau and Lachaise 1983, Glas et al 1997). Recent studies, focusing primarily on the ultrastructural aspect of exoskeletal cuticle differentiation during embryonic development, refer mostly to the insect cuticle (Konopova and Zrzavy 2005, Moussian et al 2006, Moussian 2010), and were performed also in the aquatic amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis (Havemann et al 2008) and in Porcellio scaber (Mrak et al 2014). As revealed in both these studies, the early extracellular matrix of epidermal cells appears as a thin delicate sheet of material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formation of the hindgut cuticular lining during embryonic development of Porcellio scaber (Crustacea, Isopoda)

Mrak¹,

Bogataj²,

Štrus³

et al. 2015

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The hindgut and foregut in terrestrial isopod crustaceans are ectodermal parts of the digestive system and are lined by cuticle, an apical extracellular matrix secreted by epithelial cells. Morphogenesis of the digestive system was reported in previous studies, but differentiation of the gut cuticle was not followed in detail. This study is focused on ultrastructural analyses of hindgut apical matrices and cuticle in selected intramarsupial developmental stages of the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber in comparison to adult animals to obtain data on the hindgut cuticular lining differentiation. Our results show that in late embryos of stages 16 and 18 the apical matrix in the hindgut consists of loose material overlaid by a thin intensely ruffled electron dense lamina facing the lumen. The ultrastructural resemblance to the embryonic epidermal matrices described in several arthropods suggests a common principle in chitinous matrix differentiation. The hindgut matrix in the prehatching embryo of stage 19 shows characteristics of the hindgut cuticle, specifically alignment to the apical epithelial surface and a prominent electron dense layer of epicuticle. In the preceding embryonic stage – stage 18 – an electron dense lamina, closely apposed to the apical cell membrane, is evident and is considered as the first epicuticle formation. In marsupial mancae the advanced features of the hindgut cuticle and epithelium are evident: a more prominent epicuticular layer, formation of cuticular spines and an extensive apical labyrinth. In comparison to the hindgut cuticle of adults, the hindgut cuticle of marsupial manca and in particular the electron dense epicuticular layer are much thinner and the difference between cuticle architecture in the anterior chamber and in the papillate region is not yet distinguishable. Differences from the hindgut cuticle in adults imply not fully developed structure and function of the hindgut cuticle in marsupial manca, possibly related also to different environments, as mancae develop in marsupial fluid. Bacteria, evenly distributed within the homogenous electron dense material in the hindgut lumen, were observed only in one specimen of early marsupial manca. The morphological features of gut cuticle renewal are evident in the late marsupial mancae, and are similar to those observed in the exoskeleton.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Formation of the hindgut cuticular lining during embryonic development of Porcellio scaber (Crustacea, Isopoda)

Mrak¹,

Bogataj²,

Štrus³

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Because the same hatchling size was attained, we infer that processes that govern completion of intramarsupial development might be differentially affected by oxygen availability during the two marsupial phases; any effect during the aquatic phase may be compensated for during the gaseous phase. At present, we can only speculate about potential constraints leading to the ratio between the two phases, such as growth and development of the digestive system, cuticular protuberances or the tubular heart (Milatovičet al, 2010;Mrak et al, 2014;Štrus et al, 2008;Wolff, 2009). …”

Section: Oxygen Availability Determines the Duration Of The Gaseous Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evolutionary solution of terrestrial isopods to cope with low atmospheric oxygen levels

Horváthová

Antoł

Czarnołęski

et al. 2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

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The evolution of current terrestrial life was founded by major waves of land invasion coinciding with high atmospheric oxygen content. These waves were followed by periods with substantially reduced oxygen concentration and accompanied by the evolution of novel traits. Reproduction and development are limiting factors for evolutionary water-land transitions, and brood care has probably facilitated land invasion. Peracarid crustaceans provide parental care for their offspring by brooding the early stages within the motherly brood pouch, the marsupium. Terrestrial isopod progeny begin ontogenetic development within the marsupium in water, but conclude development within the marsupium in air. Our results for progeny growth until hatching from the marsupium provide evidence for the limiting effects of oxygen concentration and for a potentially adaptive solution. Inclusion of air within the marsupium compensates for initially constrained growth in water through catch-up growth, and it may explain how terrestrial isopods adapted to short-and long-term changes in oxygen concentration.

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Exoskeletal cuticle of cavernicolous and epigean terrestrial isopods: A review and perspectives

Vittori

Tušek‐Žnidarič

Štrus

2017

Arthropod Structure & Development

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Exoskeletal cuticle differentiation during intramarsupial development of Porcellio scaber (Crustacea: Isopoda)

Cited by 16 publications

References 65 publications

Formation of the hindgut cuticular lining during embryonic development of Porcellio scaber (Crustacea, Isopoda)

Formation of the hindgut cuticular lining during embryonic development of Porcellio scaber (Crustacea, Isopoda)

An evolutionary solution of terrestrial isopods to cope with low atmospheric oxygen levels

Exoskeletal cuticle of cavernicolous and epigean terrestrial isopods: A review and perspectives

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