Exoskeleton Repair in Invertebrates

Pellett, Sarah; O'Brien, Michelle

doi:10.1016/j.cvex.2019.01.008

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Self-cleaning can restore attachment in dock beetles ( Gastrophysa viridula ) and stick insects ( Carausius morosus ) ( Clemente et al, 2010 ); however, to our knowledge, improvement in performance after use and damage has rarely been investigated. The role of ecdysis to repair damage in general, such as lost limbs or open wounds are well studied in invertebrates ( Lai-Fook, 1968 ; Weis, 1976 ; Vafopoulou, 2009 ; Pellett and O'Brian, 2019 ), as are the underlying endocrine processes that enable ecdysis ( Park et al, 2002 ; Žitňan et al, 2003 ; Zhu et al, 2019 ) but further studies could investigate the effect of ecdysis on performance in other attachment systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During these interactions potential damage and contamination might occur, reducing the effectiveness and function. Processes such as self-cleaning could potentially reduce the effect of contamination ( Clemente et al, 2010 ; Hansen and Autumn, 2005 ); however, the process of ‘ecdysis’ or ‘skin-shedding’ repairs damage and wounds that could potentially restore function ( Lai-Fook, 1968 ; Weis, 1976 ; Vafopoulou, 2009 ; Pellett and O'Brien, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have investigated the role of ecdysis in wound repair ( Lai-Fook, 1968 ; Weis, 1976 ; Vafopoulou, 2009 ; Pellett and O'Brian, 2019 ); however, the role of ecdysis in repairing damage and rejuvenating the function of attachment systems has rarely been investigated. Hiller (1968) suggested that ecdysis might restore the attachment system of geckos after exposure to contamination and damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of ecdysis in repair of an attachment system: a case study using geckos

Pillai

Riedel

Schwarzkopf

2023

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Skin provides functions such as protection and prevention of water loss. In some taxa the outer surface of skin has been modified to form structures that enable attachment to various surfaces. Constant interaction with surfaces is likely to cause damage to these attachment systems and reduce function. It seems logical that when skin is shed via ecdysis, its effectiveness may increase, through repair of damage or other rejuvenating mechanisms. We address two questions using three diplodactylid geckos as model species: (i) does repeated mechanical damage affect clinging ability in geckos to the point that they cannot support their own body weight? (ii) Does use without induced damage reduce effectiveness of the attachment system, and if so, does ecdysis restore clinging ability? We found that repeated damage reduced clinging ability in all three species, although at different rates. Additionally, use reduced clinging ability over time when no apparent damage was incurred. Clinging ability increased after ecdysis in all three species, both when damage was specially induced, and when it was not. After use without induced damage, the increase in clinging ability after ecdysis was statistically significant in two of three species. Our findings show that use decreases clinging ability, and mechanical damage also effects geckos’ capacity to exert shear forces consistently. Thus, ecdysis improves clinging ability, in both scenarios where damage is induced, and more generally. In addition to the physiological functions provided by skin, our study highlights an important function of ecdysis in a speciose vertebrate group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of ecdysis in repair of an attachment system: a case study using geckos

Pillai

Riedel

Schwarzkopf

2023

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Fluid balance management is not critical in aquatic animals, though it should be monitored in aquatic animals when they are kept out of the water and in terrestrial animals or those with natural air-exposure behaviour. Attention to haemolymph loss and penetrating wounds or surgery conditions per where fluids and electrolytes can enter or leave the body ( Cooper, 2011 ; Pellett & O'Brien 2019 ). Haemolymph loss higher than 1% of the animal body weight can be lethal in minutes ( Cooper, 1998 ).…”

Section: Post Anaesthetic Care and Attentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, analgesia and anaesthesia are recommended for decapod crustaceans to minimize fear and stress, as well as to control and suppress nociception, pain and suffering during any painful and/or distressing practice or procedure. This includes immobilization associated with analgesia for better animal examination, diagnostic, and sampling (e.g., gill biopsies, haemolymph collection, oral swabs, imaging); long term restrain; practices that impact animal normal behaviour; surgical procedures (e.g., probes implantation, invasive procedures, repair of damaged exoskeleton or wound, amputation); reduction of pain and stress on postoperative or post-procedure; animal handling and transportation; animal treatment; and euthanasia ( Cooper, 2011 ; Pellet & O'Brien, 2019 ; Quesada et al., 2011 ; Sladky et al., 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%