Exosomal and non-exosomal miRNA expression levels in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis and liver cancer

Petkevich, A.; Abramov, A.; Pospelov, Vadim; Malinina, N. A.; Kuhareva, Elena I; Мазурчик, Н. В.; Tarasova, Olga

doi:10.18632/oncotarget.28036

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Several studies have shown up-regulated expression of these miRNAs in several types of tumors. Overexpression of let-7a-5p has been observed in HCV-related cirrhosis (Petkevich et al, 2021) and liver cancer and ovarian cancer, where it presents a non-invasive diagnostic potential (Liu et al, 2021). Corroborating our data, some studies have also suggested that TP53 is a target of let-7a-5p (Balakrishnan et al, 2014;Pillai et al, 2014;Nunez Lopez et al, 2019;Zhou et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Upregulated miRNAs on the TP53 and RB1 Binding Seedless Regions in High-Risk HPV-Associated Penile Cancer

et al. 2022

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Cancer development by the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection can occur through the canonical HPV/p53/RB1 pathway mediated by the E2/E6/E7 viral oncoproteins. During the transformation process, HPV inserts its genetic material into host Integration Sites (IS), affecting coding genes and miRNAs. In penile cancer (PeCa) there is limited data on the miRNAs that regulate mRNA targets associated with HPV, such as the TP53 and RB1 genes. Considering the high frequency of HPV infection in PeCa patients in Northeast Brazil, global miRNA expression profiling was performed in high-risk HPV-associated PeCa that presented with TP53 and RB1 mRNA downregulated expression. The miRNA expression profile of 22 PeCa tissue samples and five non-tumor penile tissues showed 507 differentially expressed miRNAs: 494 downregulated and 13 upregulated (let-7a-5p, miR-130a-3p, miR-142-3p, miR-15b-5p miR-16-5p, miR-200c-3p, miR-205-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-223-3p, miR-22-3p, miR-25-3p, miR-31-5p and miR-93-5p), of which 11 were identified to be in HPV16-IS and targeting TP53 and RB1 genes. One hundred and thirty-one and 490 miRNA binding sites were observed for TP53 and RB1, respectively, most of which were in seedless regions. These findings suggest that up-regulation of miRNA expression can directly repress TP53 and RB1 expression by their binding sites in the non-canonical seedless regions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Upregulated miRNAs on the TP53 and RB1 Binding Seedless Regions in High-Risk HPV-Associated Penile Cancer

et al. 2022

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“…There are some inconsistencies among papers dealing with salivary miRNAs in the same oncological condition, and this can be ascribed to different reasons: the studies were performed on relatively small sample sizes, methods were often different, and subject groups were not always overlapping. Nevertheless, some miRNAs were pointed out by different authors as putative BMs for the same or for different oncological conditions [ 75 , 77 , 78 , 79 ].Overall, literature agrees on the promising potential of salivary miRNAs as BMs for cancer detection [ 80 ].…”

Section: Salivary Mirnas In Oncological Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The search for miRNA biomarkers is advancing, although, to date, none has yet reached clinical applications [ 81 ]. Papers dealing with salivary miRNAs BMs for PC [ 75 , 76 , 77 , 82 , 83 ], CRC [ 78 , 84 ], LiC [ 79 , 85 ], LC [ 86 ], BC [ 87 ], GC [ 88 , 89 ], and PrC [ 90 , 91 ] are summarized in Table 1 . MiRNAs were detected both as cell free or as exosomal miRNAs, both in saliva alone as well as in other parallel biofluids.…”

Section: Salivary Mirnas In Oncological Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Biomarkers for Cancer Detection: Could Salivary microRNAs Be an Opportunity for Ovarian Cancer Diagnostics?

2023

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs with the crucial regulatory functions of gene expression at post-transcriptional level, detectable in cell and tissue extracts, and body fluids. For their stability in body fluids and accessibility to sampling, circulating miRNAs and changes of their concentration may represent suitable disease biomarkers, with diagnostic and prognostic relevance. A solid literature now describes the profiling of circulating miRNA signatures for several tumor types. Among body fluids, saliva accurately reflects systemic pathophysiological conditions, representing a promising diagnostic resource for the future of low-cost screening procedures for systemic diseases, including cancer. Here, we provide a review of literature about miRNAs as potential disease biomarkers with regard to ovarian cancer (OC), with an excursus about liquid biopsies, and saliva in particular. We also report on salivary miRNAs as biomarkers in oncological conditions other than OC, as well as on OC biomarkers other than miRNAs. While the clinical need for an effective tool for OC screening remains unmet, it would be advisable to combine within a single diagnostic platform, the tools for detecting patterns of both protein and miRNA biomarkers to provide the screening robustness that single molecular species separately were not able to provide so far.

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“…However, the validation of the accuracy of these miRNAs, their predicted targets, and their application as specific biomarkers of HCC in HCV patients requires more studies. Recently, Petkevich et al [ 76 ] evaluated exosomal and non-exosomal miRNAs, such as let-7a-5p, -16-5p, -18a-5p, -21-5p, -22-3p, -34a-5p, -103a-3p, -122-5p, -221-3p, and -222-3p, in plasma and saliva samples of patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis and primary liver cancer, as well as control samples, to find that the non-exosomal miRNAs (let-7a, miRNA-21-5p, -22-3p, -103a, -122-5p, -221-3p and 222-3p) were normalized to non-exosomal miRNA-16-5p in the plasma of HCC patients. Three microRNAs (miRNA-21-5p, 122-5p, and 221-3p) were found in saliva.…”

Section: Micrornas In Liver Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs: Small Molecules with Significant Functions, Particularly in the Context of Viral Hepatitis B and C Infection

et al. 2023

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A MicroRNA (miRNA) is defined as a small molecule of non-coding RNA (ncRNA). Its molecular size is about 20 nucleotides (nt), and it acts on gene expression’s regulation at the post-transcription level through binding to the 3’untranslated regions (UTR), coding sequences, or 5’UTR of the target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), which leads to the suppression or degradation of the mRNA. In recent years, a huge evolution has identified the origin and function of miRNAs, focusing on their important effects in research and clinical applications. For example, microRNAs are key players in HCV infection and have important host cellular factors required for HCV replication and cell growth. Altered expression of miRNAs affects the pathogenicity associated with HCV infection through regulating different signaling pathways that control HCV/immunity interactions, proliferation, and cell death. On the other hand, circulating miRNAs can be used as novel biomarkers and diagnostic tools for HCV pathogenesis and early therapeutic response. Moreover, microRNAs (miRNA) have been involved in hepatitis B virus (HBV) gene expression and advanced antiviral discovery. They regulate HBV/HCV replication and pathogenesis with different pathways involving facilitation, inhibition, activation of the immune system (innate and adaptive), and epigenetic modifications. In this short review, we will discuss how microRNAs can be used as prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic tools, especially for chronic hepatitis viruses (HBV and HCV), as well as how they could be used as new biomarkers during infection and advanced treatment.

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Exosomal and non-exosomal miRNA expression levels in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis and liver cancer

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Upregulated miRNAs on the TP53 and RB1 Binding Seedless Regions in High-Risk HPV-Associated Penile Cancer

Upregulated miRNAs on the TP53 and RB1 Binding Seedless Regions in High-Risk HPV-Associated Penile Cancer

Circulating Biomarkers for Cancer Detection: Could Salivary microRNAs Be an Opportunity for Ovarian Cancer Diagnostics?

MicroRNAs: Small Molecules with Significant Functions, Particularly in the Context of Viral Hepatitis B and C Infection

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