Exosome-derived microRNAs in cancer metabolism: possible implications in cancer diagnostics and therapy

Tomasetti, Marco; Lee, Wan; Santarelli, Lory; Neužil, Jiřı́

doi:10.1038/emm.2016.153

Cited by 197 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…101 In addition, they serve as ideal vectors for the reprogramming of diseased cells in various pathological states, such as PE, since they have the ability to change the phenotype of the target cell though various signaling cascades and transfer of RNA. 102,103 Mesenchymal SCs (MSCs) are rich in their application as regenerative agents of damaged or diseased However the use of MSC-derived exosomes to treat PE has its challenges, due to the complexity of the pathogenesis of the disease. It is thus a prerequisite to determine the role of placenta-derived exosomes in the pathogenesis of PE through isolation and characterization of exosomal cargo and functional activity, and to understand the mechanism of biogenesis of placenta-derived exosomes in normal and PE pregnancies.…”

Section: Perspectives On Engineered Exosomes In Pe Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placenta-derived exosomes: potential biomarkers of preeclampsia

Pillay¹,

Moodley²,

Moodley³

et al. 2017

IJN

111

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Preeclampsia remains a leading cause of maternal and fetal mortality, due to ineffective treatment and diagnostic strategies, compounded by the lack of clarity on the etiology of the disorder. Although several clinical and biological markers of preeclampsia have been evaluated, they have proven to be ineffective in providing a definitive diagnosis during the various stages of the disorder. Exosomes have emerged as ideal biomarkers of pathological states, such as cancer, and have more recently gained interest in pregnancy-related complications, due to their role in cellular communication in normal and complicated pregnancies. This occurs as a result of the specific placenta-derived exosomal molecular cargo, which may be involved in normal pregnancy-associated immunological events, such as the maintenance of maternal–fetal tolerance. This review provides perspectives on placenta-derived exosomes as possible biomarkers for the diagnosis/prognosis of preeclampsia. Using keywords, online databases were searched to identify relevant publications to review the potential use of placenta-derived exosomes as biomarkers of preeclampsia.

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Section: Perspectives On Engineered Exosomes In Pe Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placenta-derived exosomes: potential biomarkers of preeclampsia

Pillay¹,

Moodley²,

Moodley³

et al. 2017

IJN

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…There are countless possibilities for exosome techniques both in cancer and neuro-psychiatric diseases. Thus, exosomes represent a key aspect in future molecular medicine [83,142].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But there is also the chance to use exosomes in molecularly targeted therapeutic approaches (Figure 4) [1,13,142]. As exosomes carry distinct surface markers, they can be detected by distinct target cells for cell to cell communication.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As exoDNA carries genomic patterns of cells releasing exosomes, analysis of exoDNA would be the first feasible approach of definite vital diagnosis of neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Early biomarkers detected in affected brain cells can potentially be used for neuropathological diagnosis even before first clinical symptoms can be recognized [1,142].…”

Section: Application Of Exodna Analysis In Neuropathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergence of exosomal DNA in molecular neuropathology

Kraus¹

2018

LaboratoriumsMedizin

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Background: Exosomes are small vesicles of sizes between 40 and 100 nm. They are actively segregated by numerous different cell types and they can be found in almost all body fluids. Thus, there is an emerging role of exosomes and exosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (exoDNA) in biomedical research, especially in molecular medicine. Exosomes are assembled and segregated actively and carry distinct surface markers for cellular communication. They are loaded with cargo such as DNA, ribonucleic acid (RNA) and proteins. As there are numerous different exosomal purification methods available, it is of essential need to select an appropriate technique to get reliable results. As neuropathology is faced with the challenge that brain tissue is not accessible in an easy fashion, exosomes represent an ideal tool for molecular neuro pathology. Thus, disease-specific molecular alterations will be detectable in a minimally invasive way for early disease diagnosis and surveillance. Summary: The analysis of exoDNA as biomarkers in neuropathology will enable early diagnosis, monitoring and relapse detection of brain tumors and neuropsychiatric disorders. Outlook: It is assumed that the significance of exosomes will increase in the upcoming years. There are powerful approaches in development using exosomes in molecularly targeted therapy to ultimately cure devastating brain diseases.

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“…Thus, miRs have emerged as integral components of various biological processes, including cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis and angiogenesis (4). It has been demonstrated that the altered expression of miR is associated with tumorigenesis and the progression of different types of cancer (5,6). By regulating multiple potential target genes, miR expression may lead to pathological changes in cells, ultimately contributing to the development of cancer (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Members of the microRNA-200 family are promising therapeutic targets in cancer

Chen

Zhang

2017

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. MicroRNAs (miRs) are non-coding, single-stranded RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Abnormal expression of miR may result in pathophysiological processes occurring that stimulate the development of various diseases. miRs are commonly dysregulated in cancer and may act as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Studies have indicated that members of the miR-200 family are involved in different aspects of cancer biology, including the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, tumor angiogenesis and chemoresistance by targeting and repressing the expression of several key messenger RNAs. The present review aims to summarize the role of the miR-200 family and its potential mechanism of action in tumor progression, which may advance the development of novel therapeutic drugs against tumor metastasis in clinical cancer treatment.

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Exosome-derived microRNAs in cancer metabolism: possible implications in cancer diagnostics and therapy

Cited by 197 publications

References 122 publications

Placenta-derived exosomes: potential biomarkers of preeclampsia

Placenta-derived exosomes: potential biomarkers of preeclampsia

Emergence of exosomal DNA in molecular neuropathology

Members of the microRNA-200 family are promising therapeutic targets in cancer

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