Exosomes in chronic inflammatory skin diseases and skin tumors

Wang, Wenming; Wu, Chao; Jin, Hongzhong

doi:10.1111/exd.13857

Cited by 50 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…This study shows, for the first time, the presence of circulating exosomes in patients with psoriasis. Exosomes are involved in inflammatory processes, and their involvement in psoriasis has been suggested (6,7). A previous study (12) demonstrated phospholipase A2 activity within IFN-α-induced mast cell-derived exosomes, which could be transferred to CD1a-expressing target cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Although the field of exosome research in cancer progression is expanding, there are very few studies into the role of exosomes in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (6,7). Psoriasis is a chronic, autoimmune skin disease associated with a T-helper-17 response induced by the release of IL-23 from myeloid epidermal dendritic cells, leading to proliferation of keratinocytes, resulting in psoriatic plaque formation (8).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Increased Levels of Interleukin-17A Exosomes in Psoriasis

Jacquin-Porretaz

Cordonnier²,

Nardin³

et al. 2019

Acta Derm Venerol

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Exosomes are naturally occurring small membrane-enclosed nanovesicles that modulate the immune system and mediate communication between cells and the transport of cellular components. Although the field of exosome research in cancer progression is expanding, there are very few studies on the role of exosomes in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. This study shows, for the first time, the presence of circulating exosomes in patients with psoriasis, in particular in those with moderate-to-severe psoriasis, through IL-17A-producing exosomes. Further larger studies are required, to evaluate the effect of systemic treat ments on exosome production. Exosomes are involved in modulating the immune system and mediating communication between cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of exosomes in psoriasis. Exosomes from patients with psoriasis were analysed by nanoparticle tracking analysis and protein expression was analysed by western blotting. The concentration of HSP70 was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were determined by flow cytometry. Based on the severity of psoriasis, evaluated by body surface area (≤ 10% vs. > 10%), 2 groups of patients were compared (49 with mild psoriasis and 71 with moderate-to-severe psoriasis). The number (2.52×10 11 ± 2.29×10 10 vs. 1.79×10 11 ± 1.93×10 10 , p = 0.19) and size (94.44 ± 22.00 nm vs. 96.87 ± 28.30 nm, p = 0.72) of exosomes and the concentration of HSP70 in the exosomes were not significantly different in the 2 groups of patients. IL-17A exosome levels were significantly higher in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis compared with those with mild psoriasis (p = 0.02). There were no significant differences in levels of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10. This study shows, for the first time, the presence of circulating exosomes in patients with psoriasis. These data confirm the involvement of circulating exosomes in psoriasis, in particular in moderate-to-severe psoriasis, through IL-17A-producing exosomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Levels of Interleukin-17A Exosomes in Psoriasis

Jacquin-Porretaz

Cordonnier²,

Nardin³

et al. 2019

Acta Derm Venerol

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“…MiR-21 in MM cells is either synthesized intracellularly or transferred from the tissue environment by miR-21-enriched exosomes that recently gained high interest within the pathogenesis of various skin diseases including MM [ 96 , 97 ]. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) of endocytic and secretory exocytic origin that mediate three-dimensional communication between cells.…”

Section: Exosome-mediated Mir-21 Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-21-Enriched Exosomes as Epigenetic Regulators in Melanomagenesis and Melanoma Progression: The Impact of Western Lifestyle Factors

Melnik

John

Carrera-Bastos

et al. 2020

Cancers

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DNA mutation-induced activation of RAS-BRAF-MEK-ERK signaling associated with intermittent or chronic ultraviolet (UV) irradiation cannot exclusively explain the excessive increase of malignant melanoma (MM) incidence since the 1950s. Malignant conversion of a melanocyte to an MM cell and metastatic MM is associated with a steady increase in microRNA-21 (miR-21). At the epigenetic level, miR-21 inhibits key tumor suppressors of the RAS-BRAF signaling pathway enhancing proliferation and MM progression. Increased MM cell levels of miR-21 either result from endogenous upregulation of melanocytic miR-21 expression or by uptake of miR-21-enriched exogenous exosomes. Based on epidemiological data and translational evidence, this review provides deeper insights into environmentally and metabolically induced exosomal miR-21 trafficking beyond UV-irradiation in melanomagenesis and MM progression. Sources of miR-21-enriched exosomes include UV-irradiated keratinocytes, adipocyte-derived exosomes in obesity, airway epithelium-derived exosomes generated by smoking and pollution, diet-related exosomes and inflammation-induced exosomes, which may synergistically increase the exosomal miR-21 burden of the melanocyte, the transformed MM cell and its tumor environment. Several therapeutic agents that suppress MM cell growth and proliferation attenuate miR-21 expression. These include miR-21 antagonists, metformin, kinase inhibitors, beta-blockers, vitamin D, and plant-derived bioactive compounds, which may represent new options for the prevention and treatment of MM.

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“…Although exosomes were initially thought of as cellular debris, they are now increasingly recognized as important mediators that regulate biological behaviors of cells . In recent years, exosomes have been considered promising biomarkers for diagnosis of various diseases and treatment monitoring in diabetic cardiomyopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, skin diseases, cancer, urinary tract infection, asthma pathology, and even orthopedic conditions . Moreover, study of the bioactivity of exosomes in cell cultures or in vivo has become popular in an effort to understand their physiological functions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Microfluidics‐Based Exosome Separation and Detection Technologies for Diagnostic Applications

Lin

Chen

et al. 2019

Small

245

182

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Exosomes are secreted by most cell types and circulate in body fluids. Recent studies have revealed that exosomes play a significant role in intercellular communication and are closely associated with the pathogenesis of disease. Therefore, exosomes are considered promising biomarkers for disease diagnosis. However, exosomes are always mixed with other components of body fluids. Consequently, separation methods for exosomes that allow high‐purity and high‐throughput separation with a high recovery rate and detection techniques for exosomes that are rapid, highly sensitive, highly specific, and have a low detection limit are indispensable for diagnostic applications. For decades, many exosome separation and detection techniques have been developed to achieve the aforementioned goals. However, in most cases, these two techniques are performed separately, which increases operation complexity, time consumption, and cost. The emergence of microfluidics offers a promising way to integrate exosome separation and detection functions into a single chip. Herein, an overview of conventional and microfluidics‐based techniques for exosome separation and detection is presented. Moreover, the advantages and drawbacks of these techniques are compared.

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Exosomes in chronic inflammatory skin diseases and skin tumors

Cited by 50 publications

References 78 publications

Increased Levels of Interleukin-17A Exosomes in Psoriasis

Increased Levels of Interleukin-17A Exosomes in Psoriasis

MicroRNA-21-Enriched Exosomes as Epigenetic Regulators in Melanomagenesis and Melanoma Progression: The Impact of Western Lifestyle Factors

Progress in Microfluidics‐Based Exosome Separation and Detection Technologies for Diagnostic Applications

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