Exosomes; multifaceted nanoplatform for targeting brain cancers

Mardi, Narges; Salahpour‐Anarjan, Fatemeh; Nemati, Mahdieh; Baher, Nasim Shahsavari; Rahbarghazi‬, Reza; Zarebkohan, Amir

doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216077

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…Secondly, one should keep in mind that the distribution and concentration of exosomes is not even across different systems. For example, blood-brain barrier has a significant impact on exosome biology and induces a divergence between those in circulation and in cerebrospinal fluids ( 61 , 62 ). Does alveolar-capillary barrier has similar effect should be depicted in the future, as this will provide valuable clue to the development of better laboratory methods with more accuracy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes in lung cancer metastasis, diagnosis, and immunologically relevant advances

Zhao,

Li,

Liu

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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Lung cancer is a chronic wasting disease with insidious onset and long treatment cycle. Exosomes are specialized extracellular vesicles, at first exosomes were considered as a transporter of cellular metabolic wastes, but recently many studies have identified exosomes which contain a variety of biologically active substances that play a role in the regulation of cellular communication and physiological functions. Exosomes play an important role in the development of lung cancer and can promote metastasis through a variety of mechanisms. However, at the same time, researchers have also discovered that immune cells can also inhibit lung cancer through exosomes. In addition, researchers have discovered that some specific miRNAs in exosomes can be used as markers for early diagnosis of lung cancer. Engineering exosomes may be one of the strategies to enhance the clinical translational application of exosomes in the future, for example, strategies such as modifying exosomes to enhance targeting or utilizing exosomes as carriers for drug delivery have been explored. but more studies are needed to verify the safety and efficacy. This article reviews the latest research on exosomes in the field of lung cancer, from the mechanism of lung cancer development, the functions of immune cell-derived exosomes and tumor-derived exosomes, to the early diagnosis of lung cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes in lung cancer metastasis, diagnosis, and immunologically relevant advances

Zhao,

Li,

Liu

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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“…Improving gene editing, labeling RNA and other technologies ( Soekmadji et al, 2018 ), and exploring the cargo sorting mechanism to determine whether the effect of exosomes is related to the carrying of specific molecules. So, it is necessary to discover the key components of exosome therapy that cause therapeutic effects or side effects, to determine the dose, durability and experimental “control” of exosome therapy ( Tzng et al, 2023 ), and to optimize engineering and physicochemical techniques (e.g., molecular methods such as gene overexpression and mechanical methods such as supramagnetic paramagnetic nanoparticles) to improve the effective tumor targeting of exosomes ( Mardi et al, 2023 ), further clinical researches are needed to verify and promote the clinical transformation of exosomes. Then the development of new technologies (gene co-expression, overexpression of mRNA) or optimization technology (such as magnetization of metal oxide, membrane separation, microfluidic, immunoaffinity chromatography) ( Xiang et al, 2021 ; Chen et al, 2022 ) and further basic research, to produce exosomes with controllable quality on a large scale and promote the industrialization of exosome production (scale, purity, consistency, and standardization), improving the short half-life of exosome, zeta potential difference and other internal problems, and continue to expand the application of exosomes ( Chen et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Conclusion and Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of exosomes in tumor immunity: recent progresses

Qiu,

Liang,

Yang

et al. 2024

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, ranging in size from 30 to 150 nm. They contain proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and other bioactive molecules, which play a crucial role in intercellular communication and material transfer. In tumor immunity, exosomes present various functions while the following two are of great importance: regulating the immune response and serving as delivery carriers. This review starts with the introduction of the formation, compositions, functions, isolation, characterization, and applications of exosomes, and subsequently discusses the current status of exosomes in tumor immunotherapy, and the recent applications of exosome-based tumor immunity regulation and antitumor drug delivery. Finally, current challenge and future prospects are proposed and hope to demonstrate inspiration for targeted readers in the field.

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“…However, with the evolving understanding of paracrine mechanisms, these particles that were once considered to be implicated in waste management are now extensively accepted as elements involved in short- and long-range communication pathways, playing an important role in intercellular communication [ 2 ]. Exosomes are produced by the activity of several factors in the endosomal system, and several signaling molecules are isolated into the exosomal cavity during these processes [ 24 ]. Exosomes originate from the inward budding of the plasma membrane of early endosomes [ 25 ].…”

Section: An Overview Of Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Exosomes in Cardiovascular Diseases

Lin,

He,

Tao

et al. 2024

Rev. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Exosomes (EXOs) are a subgroup of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that contain numerous biologically active molecules. They exhibit an essential mode of cell communication, primarily between distinct cell populations, for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and coordination of adaptive responses to various stresses. These intercellular communications are vital for the complex, multicellular cardiovascular system. In the last ten years, their potential role as effective tissue-to-tissue communicators has received increasing attention in cardiovascular physiology and pathology. There is growing evidence that repair of the heart and regeneration can be promoted by EXOs derived from cardiomyocytes or stem/progenitor cells. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. EVs derived from different stem/progenitor cell populations have been used as cell-free therapies in different preclinical models involving cardiovascular diseases and have shown promising results. In this review, we have summarized the recent developments in EXOs research, the impact of EXOs derived from different cells on the cardiovascular system, their potential therapeutic roles as well as new diagnostic biomarkers, and the possible clinical translational outcomes.

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Exosomes; multifaceted nanoplatform for targeting brain cancers

Cited by 14 publications

References 187 publications

Exosomes in lung cancer metastasis, diagnosis, and immunologically relevant advances

Exosomes in lung cancer metastasis, diagnosis, and immunologically relevant advances

Application of exosomes in tumor immunity: recent progresses

Role of Exosomes in Cardiovascular Diseases

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