Exotic barley germplasms in breeding for resistance to soil-borne viruses

Ordon, Frank; Weyen, J.; Korell, Michael; Friedt, Wolfgang

doi:10.1007/978-94-015-8806-5_37

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Exotic barley germplasms proved to be a rich source of resistance to these viruses. Interestingly, the resistance is nearly always inherited as a recessive trait (Ordon et al ., 1996). So far, 11 recessive rym genes from various sources have been identified and genetically mapped.…”

Section: Disease Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Polymyxa graminis and the cereal viruses it transmits: a research challenge

Kanyuka

Ward

Adams

2003

Molecular Plant Pathology

170

132

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Section: Disease Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Polymyxa graminis and the cereal viruses it transmits: a research challenge

Kanyuka

Ward

Adams

2003

Molecular Plant Pathology

170

132

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“…In recent years as many as 14 recessive rym (resistance to yellow mosaic) genes against BaYMV and BaMMV have been identified in Hordeum spp. germplasm collections (Le Gouis et al ., 2004; Ordon et al ., 1996; Ruge et al ., 2003; Werner et al ., 2003), and several of these confer an immunity type of resistance (i.e. viruses fail to accumulate to a detectable level in the inoculated plants) (McGrann and Adams, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence that the recessive bymovirus resistance locus rym4 in barley corresponds to the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E gene

Kanyuka

Druka²,

Caldwell³

et al. 2005

Molecular Plant Pathology

119

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SUMMARY Recent studies have shown that resistance in several dicotyledonous plants to viruses in the genus Potyvirus is controlled by recessive alleles of the plant translation initiation factor eIF4E or eIF(iso)4E genes. Here we provide evidence that the barley rym4 gene locus, controlling immunity to viruses in the genus Bymovirus, corresponds to eIF4E. A molecular marker based on the sequence of eIF4E was developed and used to demonstrate that eIF4E and rym4 map to the same genetic interval on chromosome 3HL in barley. Another genetic marker was developed that detects a polymorphism in the coding sequence of eIF4E and consistently distinguishes between rym4 and susceptible barley cultivars of diverse parentage. The eIF4E gene product from barley genotypes carrying rym4 and allelic rym5 and rym6 genes, originating from separate exotic germplasm, and a novel resistant allele that we identified through a reverse genetics approach all contained unique amino acid substitutions compared with the wild-type protein. Three-dimensional models of the barley eIF4E protein revealed that the polymorphic residues identified are all located at or near the mRNA cap-binding pocket, similarly to recent findings from studies on recessive potyvirus resistance in dicotyledonous plants. These new data complement our earlier observations that specific mutations in bymovirus VPg are responsible for overcoming rym4/5-controlled resistance. Because the potyviral VPg is known to interact with eIF4E in dicotyledonous plants, it appears that monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants have evolved a similar strategy to combat VPg-encoding viruses in the family Potyviridae.

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“…The occurrence of this resistance‐breaking strain forced breeders to investigate exotic barley genotypes for sources of novel resistance genes. Following experiments using both artificial inoculation and field trials on infested land, and work with molecular markers, there are now reports of at least 11 resistance genes (all of which, except Rym2 , are recessive) that are claimed to be effective against one or more of the components of the disease complex (Ordon et al ., 1996). The mechanisms of resistance conferred by these novel resistance genes are not known, and therefore the durability of the resistance remains difficult to estimate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating resistance toBarley mild mosaic virus

McGrann

Adams

2004

Plant Pathology

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There are claims that at least 11 genes confer resistance in barley (Hordeum vulgaris) to one or more components of the soilborne barley mosaic virus complex but, apart from the immunity conferred by the widely used gene rym4, little is known about their mode of action. This study used mechanical (sap) and plasmodiophorid vector‐inoculation techniques combined with ELISA, RT‐PCR, symptom development and virus transmission to investigate the response of different genotypes to Barley mild mosaic virus (BaMMV). Barley genotypes were grown at 20 and 12°C to test for temperature sensitivity. Plants with the genes rym3 or rym6 were fully susceptible to the virus, whereas those with genes rym1, Rym2, rym5 or rym11 appeared to be immune, as BaMMV was never detected in any tissue type nor was the virus transmitted from them to susceptible genotypes. The remaining genotypes could all be infected to some extent by BaMMV using one or both inoculation methods, and virus could be transmitted from their roots by the plasmodiophorid vector Polymyxa graminis. Plants with the rym7 gene had delayed symptoms compared to susceptible controls at 12°C. Plants with the rym8 gene could be infected by both inoculation methods, but there was no virus in the leaves at 12°C. Plants with the rym9 gene could be infected only by vector inoculation, and virus remained localized in the roots. Plants with the rym10 gene appeared susceptible by mechanical inoculation at both temperatures, but after vector inoculation virus moved to leaves only at 20°C. This suggests the operation of translocation resistance in plants with the rym8, rym9 or rym10 genes, which is temperature‐sensitive in rym8 and rym10 and perhaps tissue‐specific in rym9. No resistance to P. graminis was observed in any of the genotypes.

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Exotic barley germplasms in breeding for resistance to soil-borne viruses

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Polymyxa graminis and the cereal viruses it transmits: a research challenge

Polymyxa graminis and the cereal viruses it transmits: a research challenge

Evidence that the recessive bymovirus resistance locus rym4 in barley corresponds to the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E gene

Investigating resistance toBarley mild mosaic virus

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