In the experiments with LEPTON-F and SPHINX spectrometers the pion-induced charged exchange reactions π − + p → φ + n and π − + p → ω + n at P π − =32.5 GeV, as well as proton-induced diffractive reactions p + N → [pφ] + N and p + N → [pω] + N at E p =70 GeV were studied. The comparison of the cross-sections for φ and ω-production in these reactions is used for testing the OZI selection rule in hadronic processes. It has been demonstrated that in pion reactions the ratio of the yields of φ and ω-mesons R(φ/ω) = (3 ± 1) · 10 −3 is in a good agreement with naive quark model prediction based on the mixing in vector meson nonet and on the OZI rule (R(φ/ω) OZI = tg 2 ∆θ V 4 · 10 −3 ). At the same time in proton reactions the effective ratio of φ and ω yields is ∼ (4 ÷ 7) · 10 −2 , i.e. a strong violation of the OZI rule is observed in proton-nucleon interactions. This violation can be in favor of possible existence of some exotic ss component in the quark structure of protons. : 13.85.Fb; 14.40.Cs; 14.40.Ev
PACS
The OZI ruleThe selection rule for connected and disconnected quark diagrams that is referred to as the OZI rule has been known for a long time [1][2][3]. According to this rule, processes involving the annihilation or creation of a quark-antiquark pair entering into the composition of the same hadron are forbidden or, strictly speaking, strongly suppressed. The OZI rule may be illustrated by the diagrams for the production and decay of the vector mesons ω and φ (see Fig. 1).Let us consider exclusive reaction of qq pair production A + B → C 1 + C 2 + ... + C n + (qq) (q = u; d; s) with particles A, B, C i without strange quarks (see [4]). The ratio of amplitudes of the corresponding reactionsdetermines the violation of the OZI rule in these processes (the OZI rule demands Z = 0). It is well known that neutral mesons from meson nonets are the mixture of SU(3) octet and singlet states
For vector meson nonetHere θ V is a mixing angle for vector nonet; α (or3 o is an ideal mixing angle (for this ideal mixing |φ >= −|ss >; |ω >= 1 √ 2 (uū + dd) >), as on diagrams in Fig. 1).For the ratio of amplitudes of φ and ω production the following expression was derived [4]:Thus the ratio of corresponding cross sections is Fig. 1. Diagrams for: a,b OZI-allowed and c,d OZI-suppressed production and decay processes: a reaction π − + p → ω + n, b decay ω → π + π − π 0 (connected quark diagrams); c reaction π − + p → φ + n, and d decay φ → π + π − π 0 (disconnected quark diagrams)where f is a kinematical phase space correction factor. Because the phase of β is unkown it is only possible to estimate the limits for the OZI violation factor |Z|:Many measurements of the R ratio and testing of the OZI rule in different reactions were made in the last thirty years. It is the generalization of the OZI rule for the processes with charmed quarks which explaines the anomalously small decay width of the J/ψ particle, representing a bound cc state (in analogy with φ meson). Recent years have seen a revived interest in the OZI rule. First, in...