Expanded intonation contours in mothers' speech to newborns.

Fernald, Anne; Simon, Thomas

doi:10.1037/0012-1649.20.1.104

Cited by 707 publications

(665 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It is also apparently the case that speech to infants tends to exhibit more marked rhythmicity than spontaneous speech in general; many prosodic dimensions exhibit more marked structure in infant-directed speech than in adult-directed speech (Fernald and Simon, 1984), and included among the effects noted in English is more regular occurrence of primary stresses (Garnica, 1977). In other words, the criteria of exploitability and salience would seem to be fulfilled.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The monolingual nature of speech segmentation by bilinguals

Cutler¹,

Mehler

Norris³

et al. 1992

Cognitive Psychology

285

149

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Monolingual French speakers employ a syllable-based procedure in speech segmentation; monolingual English speakers use a stress-based segmentation procedure and do not use the syllable-based procedure. In the present study FrenchEnglish bilinguals participated in segmentation experiments with English and French materials. Their results as a group did not simply mimic the performance of English monolinguals with English language materials and of French monolinguals with French language materials. Instead, the bilinguals formed two groups, defined by forced choice of a dominant language. Only the French-dominant group showed syllabic segmentation and only with French language materials. The English-dominant group showed no syllabic segmentation in either language.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The monolingual nature of speech segmentation by bilinguals

Cutler¹,

Mehler

Norris³

et al. 1992

Cognitive Psychology

285

149

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Adults and older children from a variety of cultures modify their way of speaking when addressing infants or younger children (e.g., Fernald & Simon, 1984;Fernald et al, 1989;Grieser & Kuhl, 1988). Compared with adult-directed speech, infant-directed speech is produced with higher pitch, exaggerated pitch contours (i.e., upward and downward shifts in pitch), slower tempo, shorter utterances, and extensive repetition (e.g., Ferguson, 1964;Fernald & Mazzie, 1991).…”

Section: Developmental Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expectancy in melody: Tests of children and adults.

Schellenberg¹,

Adachi²,

Purdy³

et al. 2002

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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Melodic expectancies among children and adults were examined. In Experiment 1, adults, 11-year-olds, and 8-year-olds rated how well individual test tones continued fragments of melodies. In Experiment 2, 11-, 8-, and 5-year-olds sang continuations to 2-tone stimuli. Response patterns were analyzed using 2 models of melodic expectancy. Despite having fewer predictor variables, the 2-factor model (E. G. Schellenberg, 1997) equaled or surpassed the implication-realization model (E. Narmour, 1990) in predictive accuracy. Listeners of all ages expected the next tone in a melody to be proximate in pitch to the tone heard most recently. Older listeners also expected reversals of pitch direction, specifically for tones that changed direction after a disruption of proximity and for tones that formed symmetric patterns.

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“…Sensitivity to vocal pitch cues emerges early in development. Mothers use infant-directed speech, as characterized by a raised vocal pitch (Fernald and Simon, 1984), to sooth infants, and children use pitch (among other cues) differentially so as to vary the form and intensity of their tantrums (Green et al, 2011).…”

Section: Pitch Modulation As a Common Denominatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Pitch underlies activation of the vocal system during affective vocalization

Belyk

Brown

2015

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

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Affective prosody is that aspect of speech that conveys a speaker's emotional state through modulations in various vocal parameters, most prominently pitch. While a large body of research implicates the cingulate vocalization area in controlling affective vocalizations in monkeys, no systematic test of functional homology for this area has yet been reported in humans. In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to compare brain activations when subjects produced affective vocalizations in the form of exclamations vs non-affective vocalizations with similar pitch contours. We also examined the perception of affective vocalizations by having participants make judgments about either the emotions being conveyed by recorded affective vocalizations or the pitch contours of the same vocalizations. Production of affective vocalizations and matched pitch contours activated a highly overlapping set of brain areas, including the larynx-phonation area of the primary motor cortex and a region of the anterior cingulate cortex that is consistent with the macro-anatomical position of the cingulate vocalization area. This overlap contradicts the dominant view that these areas form two distinct vocal pathways with dissociable functions. Instead, we propose that these brain areas are nodes in a single vocal network, with an emphasis on pitch modulation as a vehicle for affective expression.

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Expanded intonation contours in mothers' speech to newborns.

Cited by 707 publications

References 22 publications

The monolingual nature of speech segmentation by bilinguals

The monolingual nature of speech segmentation by bilinguals

Expectancy in melody: Tests of children and adults.

Pitch underlies activation of the vocal system during affective vocalization

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