Expanding Southwest Pacific mitochondrial haplogroups P and Q

Friedlaender, Jonathan S.; Schurr, Theodore G.; Gentz, Fred; Koki, George; Friedlaender, Françoise R.; Horvat, Gisele; Babb, Paul L.; Cerchio, Sal; Kaestle, Frederika A.; Schenfield, M.; Deka, Ranjan; Yanagihara, Ric; Merriwether, D. Andrew

doi:10.1093/molbev/msj003

Cited by 23 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Some of these (M42a and S) are presently viewed as unique to Aboriginal Australians and must have evolved from within ancestors arriving in Sahul carrying the basal haplogroups M (M42a) and N (S), respectively. Haplogroup P is more widespread, having been reported in high frequencies in Papua New Guinea, parts of Island Melanesia (Friedlaender et al 2005), and some negrito groups in the Philippines (Heyer et al this issue), as well as in low frequency in a large general Filipino sample (Tabbada et al 2010). However, as reported here, the P haplogroups found in Australia differ from those found in the Philippines.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

“…Application of HaploGrep provided no further resolution of the nine FNQ haplotypes except for one P, which was classified as P1d1 with high confidence. This is an interesting result given that haplogroup P1 has been found in Melanesia (Friedlaender et al 2005) but not to date in Australia. HaploGrep also gave ambiguous results when applied to the Tasmanian haplotypes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

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The Australian Barrineans and Their Relationship to Southeast Asian Negritos: An Investigation using Mitochondrial Genomics

2013

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The existence of a short-statured Aboriginal population in the Far North Queensland (FNQ) rainforest zone of Australia's northeast coast and Tasmania has long been an enigma in Australian anthropology. Based on their reduced stature and associated morphological traits such as tightly curled hair, Birdsell and Tindale proposed that these "Barrinean" peoples were closely related to "negrito" peoples of Southeast Asia and that their ancestors had been the original Pleistocene settlers of Sahul, eventually displaced by taller invaders. Subsequent craniometric and blood protein studies, however, have suggested an overall homogeneity of indigenous Australians, including Barrineans. To confirm this finding and determine the degree of relatedness between Barrinean people and Southeast Asian negritos, we compared indigenous Australian mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences in populations from the FNQ rainforest ecozone and Tasmania with sequences from other Australian Aboriginal populations and from Southeast Asian negrito populations (Philippines Batek and Mamanwa, and mainland Southeast Asian Jahai, Mendriq, and Batak Abstract The existence of a short-statured Aboriginal population in the Far North Queensland (FNQ) rainforest zone of Australia's northeast coast and Tasmania has long been an enigma in Australian anthropology. Based on their reduced stature and associated morphological traits such as tightly curled hair, Birdsell and Tindale proposed that these "Barrinean" peoples were closely related to "negrito" peoples of Southeast Asia and that their ancestors had been the original Pleistocene settlers of Sahul, eventually displaced by taller invaders. Subsequent craniometric and blood protein studies, however, have suggested an overall homogeneity of indigenous Australians, including Barrineans. To confirm this finding and determine the degree of relatedness between Barrinean people and Southeast Asian negritos, we compared indigenous Australian mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences in populations from the FNQ rainforest ecozone and Tasmania with sequences from other Australian Aboriginal populations and from Southeast Asian negrito populations (Philippines Batek and Mamanwa, and mainland Southeast Asian Jahai, Mendriq, and Batak). The results confirm that FNQ and Tasmanian mtDNA haplogroups cluster with those of other Australian Aboriginal populations and are only very distantly related to Southeast Asian negrito haplogroups.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

The Australian Barrineans and Their Relationship to Southeast Asian Negritos: An Investigation using Mitochondrial Genomics

2013

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“…All European sequences could be assigned to clades N1, X, W, HV, TJ, and U Macaulay et al 1999;Finnilä et al 2001;Herrnstadt et al 2002). Asian, Amerindian, Oceanian, and Australian Aborigine sequences belonged to region-specific haplogroups nested within macro-clades M and N Yao et al 2002;Kong et al 2003Kong et al , 2004Friedlaender et al 2005). All Australian Aborigine M sequences (two from this study and one from Ingman et al (2000) share six mutations that define the new haplogroup M42.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

The Role of Selection in the Evolution of Human Mitochondrial Genomes

Shen²,

et al. 2006

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High mutation rate in mammalian mitochondrial DNA generates a highly divergent pool of alleles even within species that have dispersed and expanded in size recently. Phylogenetic analysis of 277 human mitochondrial genomes revealed a significant (P , 0.01) excess of rRNA and nonsynonymous base substitutions among hotspots of recurrent mutation. Most hotspots involved transitions from guanine to adenine that, with thymine-to-cytosine transitions, illustrate the asymmetric bias in codon usage at synonymous sites on the heavy-strand DNA. The mitochondrion-encoded tRNA Thr varied significantly more than any other tRNA gene. Threonine and valine codons were involved in 259 of the 414 amino acid replacements observed. The ratio of nonsynonymous changes from and to threonine and valine differed significantly (P ¼ 0.003) between populations with neutral (22/58) and populations with significantly negative Tajima's D values (70/76), independent of their geographic location. In contrast to a recent suggestion that the excess of nonsilent mutations is characteristic of Arctic populations, implying their role in cold adaptation, we demonstrate that the surplus of nonsynonymous mutations is a general feature of the young branches of the phylogenetic tree, affecting also those that are found only in Africa. We introduce a new calibration method of the mutation rate of synonymous transitions to estimate the coalescent times of mtDNA haplogroups.

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“…8 Haplogroups E*(xE2) and E2 are likely of Taiwanese/Island Southeast AS origin 56 (here also classified as AS), whereas haplogroups P*(xP1), P1, Q1 and Q2 have a NO origin. 57 Like the NRY haplogroups, also the mtDNA haplogroups were not homogeneously distributed throughout the Massim (Figure 2b). NO haplogroup P1 was much more frequent in the southeastern Massim, while AS haplogroup B4-16261* was almost absent there, and NO haplogroups Q1 and Q2 were almost only found in the western Massim.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Human genetics of the Kula Ring: Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA variation in the Massim of Papua New Guinea

et al. 2014

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The island region at the southeastern-most tip of New Guinea and its inhabitants known as Massim are well known for a unique traditional inter-island trading system, called Kula or Kula Ring. To characterize the Massim genetically, and to evaluate the influence of the Kula Ring on patterns of human genetic variation, we analyzed paternally inherited Y-chromosome (NRY) and maternally inherited mitochondrial (mt) DNA polymorphisms in 4400 individuals from this region. We found that the nearly exclusively Austronesian-speaking Massim people harbor genetic ancestry components of both Asian (AS) and Near Oceanian (NO) origin, with a proportionally larger NO NRY component versus a larger AS mtDNA component. This is similar to previous observations in other Austronesian-speaking populations from Near and Remote Oceania and suggests sex-biased genetic admixture between Asians and Near Oceanians before the occupation of Remote Oceania, in line with the Slow Boat from Asia hypothesis on the expansion of Austronesians into the Pacific. Contrary to linguistic expectations, Rossel Islanders, the only Papuan speakers of the Massim, showed a lower amount of NO genetic ancestry than their Austronesian-speaking Massim neighbors. For the islands traditionally involved in the Kula Ring, a significant correlation between inter-island travelling distances and genetic distances was observed for mtDNA, but not for NRY, suggesting more male-than female-mediated gene flow. As traditionally only males take part in the Kula voyages, this finding may indicate a genetic signature of the Kula Ring, serving as another example of how cultural tradition has shaped human genetic diversity.

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Expanding Southwest Pacific mitochondrial haplogroups P and Q

Cited by 23 publications

References 3 publications

The Australian Barrineans and Their Relationship to Southeast Asian Negritos: An Investigation using Mitochondrial Genomics

The Australian Barrineans and Their Relationship to Southeast Asian Negritos: An Investigation using Mitochondrial Genomics

The Role of Selection in the Evolution of Human Mitochondrial Genomes

Human genetics of the Kula Ring: Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA variation in the Massim of Papua New Guinea

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