Expanding the Spectrum of Acute Cerebellitis due to SARS-Cov-2

Sotgiu, Stefano; Uzzau, Sergio; Pippia, Antonello; Carta, Alessandra; Antonucci, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2021.05.007

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This may be the first reported case of hemorrhagic postinfectious cerebellitis associated with COVID-19; however, several cases of cerebellitis without hemorrhage have already been reported in association with SARS-CoV-2. [18][19][20] SARS-CoV-2 has known neurotropism with a variety of manifestations, 21,22 including but not limited to acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalitis, 23 stroke, 24 multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children, 25,26 cerebellar ataxia, 27 and acute cerebellitis. [18][19][20] It does not come as a surprise that SARS-CoV-2 may play some role in the development of cerebellitis, but whether the hemorrhagic variety that we are reporting is more likely with COVID-19 versus other viral or bacterial infections will likely remain an unanswered question.…”

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postinfectious coronavirus disease 2019 hemorrhagic cerebellitis: illustrative case

Chow

Rabin²,

Ruge

2022

Journal of Neurosurgery: Case Lessons

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BACKGROUND Conditions that can mimic posterior fossa tumors are rare. Their identification is crucial to avoid unnecessary surgical intervention, especially when prompt initiation of medical therapy is critical. OBSERVATIONS The authors presented a case of pseudotumoral hemorrhagic cerebellitis in a 3-year-old boy who presented initially with headache, persistent vomiting, and decreased level of consciousness 9 weeks after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a left cerebellar hemorrhagic mass–like lesion with edema and mild hydrocephalus. The patient responded to high-dose steroids and was discharged 2 weeks later with complete recovery. LESSONS When evaluating patients with possible tumor syndromes, it is important to also consider rarer inflammatory syndromes that can masquerade as neoplasms. Postinfectious hemorrhagic cerebellitis is one such syndrome.

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Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postinfectious coronavirus disease 2019 hemorrhagic cerebellitis: illustrative case

Chow

Rabin²,

Ruge

2022

Journal of Neurosurgery: Case Lessons

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show abstract

“…The CNS involvement and complications include, but are not limited to, encephalopathy, 1 meningoencephalitis, 2 ischemic stroke, venous sinus thrombosis, 3 4 acute necrotizing encephalopathy, 5 acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), 6 posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), 7 8 acute cerebellitis, 9 acute hemorrhagic myelitis, 10 and Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS). 11 In this manuscript, we will discuss imaging characteristics of some of these entities with a known diagnosis of COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonvascular Nervous System Complications in Pediatric Patients with COVID-19 Infection

Kocabıyık

Koral

Pruthi

2022

Journal of Pediatric Neurology

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Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus which primarily targets the lungs. However, the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system involvement due to COVID-19, however, has been reported as early as the cases of respiratory system involvement. In addition, there have been many reports describing neuroimaging features of COVID-19, but data beyond case studies in the pediatric population are still limited, indicating limited CNS involvement. The CNS involvement and complications include, but are not limited to, encephalopathy, meningoencephalitis, ischemic stroke, venous sinus thrombosis, acute necrotizing encephalopathy, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, acute cerebellitis, acute hemorrhagic myelitis, and Guillain–Barré syndrome. In this manuscript, we will discuss the imaging characteristics of some of these entities with a known diagnosis of COVID-19.

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“…A myriad of neuroimaging manifestations can be encountered in pediatric COVID-19 4 including but not limited to acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis, 5 cerebellitis, 6 stroke, 7 focal cerebral arteriopathy, 8 posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, 9 10 and eversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. 11…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging of Pediatric Neuro-COVID: What We Learned

Koral

2022

Journal of Pediatric Neurology

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Although the overwhelming majority of the coronavirus disease 2019 cases are encountered in adults, less commonly children succumb to the disease. As of January 2022, among the 3.5 million deaths reported, 0.4% (over 12,300) occurred in children and adolescents under 20 years of age. Out of over 12,300 deaths, 42% was encountered in children aged 0 to 9. 1 Involvement of the neurological systems was recognized very early in the pandemic and The Global Consortium Study of Neurologic Dysfunction in COVID-19 (GCS-NeuroCOVID) was initiated as a multinational research collaborative in April 2020 to describe the prevalence and outcomes of neurological manifestations of the severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in adults and children. 2 In an interim analysis of the GCS-Neuro-COVID data, information on 1,493 children was made available, of which 14% were diagnosed with MIS-C. Non-neurological symptoms were generally more common than neurological symptoms in children. In the GCS-NeuroCOVID group, 44% of the children presented with at least one neurological sign or symptom while 12% had two or more. 3 In decreasing frequency, headache (20%), encephalopathy (16%), and seizures (8%) were the most common presentations. 3 Anosmia, ageusia (lack of taste sensation), meningitis/encephalitis, and stroke were less common.A myriad of neuroimaging manifestations can be encountered in pediatric COVID-19 4 including but not limited to acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis, 5 cerebellitis, 6 stroke, 7 focal cerebral arteriopathy, 8 posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, 9,10 and eversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. 11 It is important that the imaging specialists and clinicians appraise the diverse imaging manifestations of pediatric neuro-COVID involvement. In this issue of Pediatric Neuroradiology, my esteemed colleagues prepared two articles focusing on the nonvascular and vascular manifestations of pediatric neuro-COVID. Our goal is to share our experience in the imaging of pediatric neuro-COVID with the medical community via image-rich manuscripts. We thank the editorial board of Pediatric Neuroradiology for this opportunity and hope the manuscripts will fulfill our stated goal.

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Expanding the Spectrum of Acute Cerebellitis due to SARS-Cov-2

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Postinfectious coronavirus disease 2019 hemorrhagic cerebellitis: illustrative case

Postinfectious coronavirus disease 2019 hemorrhagic cerebellitis: illustrative case

Nonvascular Nervous System Complications in Pediatric Patients with COVID-19 Infection

Imaging of Pediatric Neuro-COVID: What We Learned

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