Expanding the wood anatomy economics spectrum: the correlates of vessel element lengths and pit apertures sizes in tropical forest trees

Silva, Marcelo dos S.; Apgaua, Deborah M. G.; Silva, Cássia C. S.; Silva, Lazaro B. da; Tng, David Y. P.

doi:10.1080/17550874.2022.2053600

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…However, the medium to large non‐vestured intervessel pits in six specimens indicate that water stress was limited. Indeed, large, non‐vestured pits are considered less safe against embolism and water stress than small or vestured pits (Lindorf, 1994; Carlquist, 2001; Wheeler et al, 2007; Silva et al, 2021). Scalariform perforations are more common in mesic environments or those with low temperature and low evaporation (Baas, 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First fossil woods and palm stems from the mid‐Paleocene of Myanmar and implications for biogeography and wood anatomy

Gentis,

Licht,

De Franceschi

et al. 2024

American J of Botany

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PremiseThe rise of angiosperm‐dominated tropical rainforests has been proposed to have occurred shortly after the Cretaceous‐Paleogene transition. Paleocene fossil wood assemblages are rare yet provide important data for understanding these forests and whether their wood anatomical features can allow us to document these changes.MethodThe anatomy of eleven specimens of Paleocene‐age is described using standard terminology and their affinities to present‐day taxa is investigated.Key resultsWe report here the first middle Paleocene fossil wood specimens from Myanmar, which was near the equator and anchored to India at that time. Some fossils share affinities with Arecaceae, Sapindales (Anacardiaceae, Meliaceae) and Moraceae and possibly Fabaceae or Lauraceae. One specimen is described as a new species and genus: Compitoxylon paleocenicum gen. et sp. nov.ConclusionsThis assemblage reveals the long‐lasting presence of these aforementioned groups in South Asia and suggests the early presence of multiple taxa of Laurasian affinity in Myanmar and India. The wood anatomical features of the dicotyledonous specimens reveal that both “modern” and “primitive” features (in a Baileyan scheme) are present with proportions similar to Paleocene Indian localities. Their anatomical diversity corroborates that tropical flora display “modern” features early in the history of angiosperms, and that their high diversity remained steady afterwards.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First fossil woods and palm stems from the mid‐Paleocene of Myanmar and implications for biogeography and wood anatomy

Gentis,

Licht,

De Franceschi

et al. 2024

American J of Botany

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“…No entanto, as espécies generalistas do Cerrado são pouco investigadas (Maracahipes et al, 2018), pois diversos estudos focam em espécies que são restritas a ambientes florestais ou savânicos (e.g., Hoffmann et al, 2005;Rossatto et al, 2009;Poorter et al, 2015;Bragion et al, 2019;Scalon et al, 2019). Assim, a descrição destas espécies em termos de atributos morfológicos e anatômicos é importante, pois tais informações nos permitem entender as estratégias ecológicas das espécies (Shen et al, 2019;Silva et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Aspectos Ecológicos, Funcionais e Anatômicos de Três Espécies Lenhosas de Cerradão

Reis

Miranda

Machida

et al. 2023

Rev. Bras. Geog. Fis.

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O cerradão é uma fitofisionomia do Cerrado estruturalmente semelhante a uma floresta, mas que apresenta espécies com características escleromórficas típicas das formações savânicas. Além de ser um ambiente interessante para se investigar espécies com elevada variabilidade intraespecífica, o cerradão ainda se destaca de outras fitofisionomias do bioma Cerrado em termos de sequestro de carbono aéreo. Objetivamos descrever e comparar aspectos ecológicos, funcionais e anatômicos de três espécies de cerradão, bem como, relacionar tais aspectos com a alocação de carbono na porção aérea da biomassa. Para isso selecionou-se espécies que se destacaram em termos de biomassa aérea lenhosa em uma área de cerradão em Palmeiras de Goiás, a saber: Sclerolobium paniculatum Vogel, Tapirira guianensis Aubl. e Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart. Para cada espécie foram amostrados 10 indivíduos e destes coletados atributos funcionais referentes ao caule, folha e anatomia foliar. As características das três espécies analisadas neste estudo indicaram duas linhas de estratégias ecológicas: estratégias escleromórficas e florestais. As duas primeiras espécies mencionadas apresentaram atributos que podem favorecer a fixação de carbono na biomassa aérea, como valores mais altos de densidade média da madeira e diâmetro da base. Xylopia aromatica apresentou indivíduos com aspectos tipicamente escleromórficos, apresentando adaptações a sazonalidade, intensidade luminosa e proteção ao fogo.Palavras-chave: Cerrado, Biomassa aérea, Atributos funcionais Ecological, functional and anatomical aspects of three woody species of cerradão ABSTRACT Ecological, Functional and Anatomical Aspects of Three Woody Species from the CerradoThe cerradão is a vegetation type of the Cerrado biome that is structurally similar to a forest, but with species with scleromorphic characteristics typical of savannah formations. In addition to being an interesting environment to investigate species with high intraspecific variability, the cerradão also stands out from other physiognomic forms of the Cerrado biome in terms of aerial carbon sequestration. We aimed to describe and compare ecological, functional and anatomical aspects of three cerradão species, as well as to relate these aspects with carbon allocation in the aerial portion of the biomass. For this, we selected species that stood out in the aerial woody biomass in an area of cerradão in Palmeiras de Goiás, namely: Sclerolobium paniculatum Vogel, Tapirira guianensis Aubl. and Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart. For each species, 10 individuals were sampled and functional traits of the stem, leaf and leaf anatomy were collected. The characteristics of the three species analysed in this study indicated two lines of ecological strategies: scleromorphic and forest strategies. The first two mentioned species has traits that may facilitate carbon fixation in the aerial biomass, such as higher values of average wood density and diameter of the trunk base. Xylopia aromatica, presented individuals with typically scleromorphic aspects, showing adaptations to seasonality

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“…Although the trade-off between xylem safety and efficiency has long been recognized in plant hydraulics, recent research indicates that this trade-off is weak and that plants maintain both efficiency and safety within a certain threshold [21,22]. However, data from temperate and boreal regions predominate in global analyzes while species from tropical dry forests are underrepresented [22][23][24]. Furthermore, in some of these analyzes data from branches were used and some authors mention that there is less variation in vessel traits coming from branches [21,23], so these results cannot be generalized to all species and all types of forests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have consistently established that vessel diameter is not the only trait that determines variation in water conduction; other anatomical traits are also involved, but their relationships are not yet well understood [24]. Some studies suggest that increasing vessel diameter is mainly driven by an allometric relationship with plant height [25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree species differ in plant economic spectrum traits in the tropical dry forest of Mexico

Alvarado,

Terrazas

2023

PLoS ONE

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In tropical dry forests, studies on wood anatomical traits have concentrated mainly on variations in vessel diameter and frequency. Recent research suggests that parenchyma and fibers also play an important role in water conduction and in xylem hydraulic safety. However, these relationships are not fully understood, and wood trait variation among different functional profiles as well as their variation under different water availability scenarios have been little studied. In this work, we aim to (1) characterize a set of wood anatomical traits among six selected tree species that represent the economic spectrum of tropical dry forests, (2) assess the variation in these traits under three different rainfall regimes, and (3) determine the relationships between wood anatomical traits and possible functional trade-offs. Differences among species and sites in wood traits were explored. Linear mixed models were fitted, and model comparison was performed. Most variation occurred among species along the economic spectrum. Obligate deciduous, low wood density species were characterized by wood with wide vessels and low frequency, suggesting high water transport capacity but sensitivity to drought. Moreover, high cell fractions of carbon and water storage were also found in these tree species related to the occurrence of abundant parenchyma or septate fibers. Contrary to what most studies show, Cochlospermum vitifolium, a succulent tree species, presented the greatest variation in wood traits. Facultative deciduous, high wood density species were characterized by a sturdy vascular system that may favor resistance to cavitation and low reserve storage. Contrary to our expectations, variation among the rainfall regimes was generally low in all species and was mostly related to vessel traits, while fiber and parenchyma traits presented little variation among species. Strong functional associations between wood anatomical traits and functional trade-offs were found for the six tree species studied along the economic spectrum of tropical dry forests.

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Expanding the wood anatomy economics spectrum: the correlates of vessel element lengths and pit apertures sizes in tropical forest trees

Cited by 5 publications

References 63 publications

First fossil woods and palm stems from the mid‐Paleocene of Myanmar and implications for biogeography and wood anatomy

First fossil woods and palm stems from the mid‐Paleocene of Myanmar and implications for biogeography and wood anatomy

Aspectos Ecológicos, Funcionais e Anatômicos de Três Espécies Lenhosas de Cerradão

Tree species differ in plant economic spectrum traits in the tropical dry forest of Mexico

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