Expansion of Impervious Surfaces and Their Driving Forces in Highly Urbanized Cities in Kyrgyzstan

Abstract

The expansion of urban areas due to population increase and economic expansion creates demand and depletes natural resources, thereby causing land use changes in the main cities. This study focuses on land cover datasets to characterize impervious surface (urban area) expansion in select cities from 1993 to 2017, using supervised classification maximum likelihood techniques and by quantifying impervious surfaces. The results indicate an increasing trend in the impervious surface area by 35% in Bishkek, 75% in Osh, and 15% in Jalal-Abad. The overall accuracy (OA) for the image classification of two different datasets for the three cities was between 82% and 93%, and the kappa coefficients (KCs) were approximately 77% and 91%. The Landsat images with other supplementary data showed positive urban growth in all of the cities. The GDP, industrial growth, and urban population growth were driving factors of impervious surface sprawl in these cities from 1993 to 2017.Landscape Expansion Index (LEI) results also provided good evidence for the change of impervious surfaces during the study period. The results emphasize the idea of applying future planning and sustainable urban development procedures for sustainable use of natural resources and their management, which will increase life quality in urban areas and environments.

Tracing the Urban Sprawl in the Secondary Egyptian Cities: A Comparison-Based Review for Achieving an Efficient Urban Development.

“…Furthermore, some studies have focused on other dynamics that help attain urban sprawl. For example, (Downs, 1999), (Fang & Pal, 2016), and (Omurakunova, et al, 2020) have discussed the role of migration in this phenomenon. While the effect of the economic forces in making the cities sprawled have been argued by (Downs, 1999), (Guangdong & Feng, 2019), and (Guan, He, He, Cheng, & Qu, 2020).…”

Urban sprawl literature review: Definition and driving force

“…The consequences of overpopulation in cities create pressure on growing spatial expansion and urban sprawl. Omurakunova et al (2020) examined the impact of rural-urban and international migration to highly urbanized cities and finds out that cities unable to tolerate resource depletion the only way to recover is to expand.…”

Investigation of crop evapotranspiration and irrigation water requirement in the lower Amu Darya River Basin, Central Asia

“…It is closely tied to knowledge of the existing available water resources and the spatial-temporal variations of water demand from different water users (Masafu et al, 2016;Deng and Chen, 2017;Luo et al, 2017). The Amu Darya River (ADR) is vital to life in four central Asian countries because it is the major source of water in these regions and provides water resources for domestic, agriculture, power generation, and industrial purposes (Jiang et al, 2014;Omurakunova et al, 2020). Climate change in the headwater region and human activities in the lower reaches jointly impact on water availability along the river (Ahmed et al, 2019;Lee et al, 2019;Sun et al, 2019).…”