“…These policies underscore the growing sense that universities in South Korea need to improve institutional quality to attract more international students, a need that has become critical as an economic response to a serious domestic student shortage (Byun and Kim, 2010). Meanwhile, in order to foster institutional excellence under a WCU rubric, the government has allocated funding to universities on the basis of specific evaluations, and universities have responded aggressively in a way that has spurred deep institutional changes, including a culture of research productivity (Jung, 2014; Shin, 2009), the adoption of English as the academic lingua franca (Byun et al, 2011), the recruitment of overseas faculty members (Kim, 2011, 2016b; Kim et al, 2021; Park, 2018; Shin and Gress, 2018), an increasingly centralized form of institutional governance (Shin, 2011), and a dependency culture on US-dominated global rankings and other “imported” measures of excellence (Byun et al, 2013; Deem et al, 2008; Mok, 2007; Palmer and Cho, 2012).…”