Expectancy, arousal, and individual differences in free recall

d’Ydewalle, Géry; Ferson, René; Swerts, An

doi:10.1016/0749-596x(85)90043-9

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This relationship has been demonstrated by a number of researchers [3], [10] documenting the effects of arousal on a variety of cognitive factors such as learning, memory, and attention.…”

Section: Figure 2 Block Diagram Of Computational Arousal Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 85%

Behaviors that emerge from emotion and cognition

Henninger

Jones

Chown

2003

Proceedings of the Second International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems

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This paper describes the implementation and evaluation of a framework for modeling emotions in complex, decision-making agents. Sponsored by U.S. Army Research Institute (ARI), the objective of this research is to make the decision-making process of complex agents less predictable and more realistic, by incorporating emotional factors that affect humans. In tune with modern theories of emotions, we regard emotions essentially as subconscious signals and evaluations that inform, modify, and receive feedback from a variety of sources including higher cognitive processes and the sensorimotor system. Thus, our work explicitly distinguishes the subconscious processes (in a connectionist implementation) and the decision making that is subject to emotional influences (in a symbolic cognitive architecture).It is our position that "emotional states" are emergent patterns of interaction between decision-making knowledge and these emotional signal systems. To this end, we have adopted an approach that promotes the emergence of behavior as a result of complex interactions between factors affecting emotions, integrated in the connectionist-style model, and factors affecting decision making, represented in the symbolic model. This paper presents the implementation of emotions architecture and explains how we evaluated the system. This includes a description of the behaviors we used in our prototype, the design of our experiments, a representative set of behavior patterns that emerged as a result of exercising our model over the design space, and our project's lessons learned

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“…This relationship has been demonstrated by a number of researchers [3], [10] documenting the effects of arousal on a variety of cognitive factors such as learning, memory, and attention.…”

Section: Figure 2 Block Diagram Of Computational Arousal Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 85%

Behaviors that emerge from emotion and cognition

Henninger

Jones

Chown

2003

Proceedings of the Second International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems

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“…Christianson, 1992;Heuer & Reisberg, 1990). For instance, arousal has been operationalized in such diverse methods as a response to immediacy (Kelly &Gorham, 1988), neuroticism andintroversion (d'ydewalle, Ferson, &Swerts, 1985), and communication apprehension (Stafford & Daly, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Listening to Intense Messages: The Role of Arousal and Affect in Message Content Recognition

Thomas

1994

International Listening Association. Journal

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This study examines the interference effect of high-arousal, affective messages on the recognition of message content fiom less arousing messages. Subjects were 108 undergraduate students who viewed two political commercials in one of three conditions: Target (low intensity) followed by high-arousal message, target followed by low-arousal message, and target preceded by high-arousal message. The messages used were the political commercials ofMichael Bailey concerning family values and abortion.Results indicated that arousal effects recognition of message content. It appears, however, that high-arousal messages facilitate the recognition of content fiom a low-arousal message presented either before or after the stimulus.These results are discussed in terms of current conceptualuations of affect-inducing messages and listening. Areas of further research are also suggested.

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“…For example, one parameter in the arousal component can determine an individual's sensitivity to becoming aroused. The psychological literature has long theorized that the critical factor that distinguishes introverts and extroverts is the relative susceptibility to becoming aroused (e.g., Eysenck & Eysenck, 1985, D'Ydewalle, et al 1985. Thus, the ability to adjust this parameter in the arousal component of the emotion model provides a mechanism to represent the introvert/extrovert dimension of personality.…”

Section: Personalltv As Experimental Design Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…When subjects were induced to discount the injections as the cause of their aroused state they described this state in emotional terms appropriate to the experimental cues they received. Whereas pleasure/pain and clarity/confusion work to detect events of importance to an agent, the arousal system functions as a l<ind of interface between the emotional and higher cognitive systems, increased arousal has a number of well-studied effects on cognitive factors such as memory and attention (Hebb, 1972;D'Ydewalle, et al 1985;Milner, 1991), Memory and attention are the cognitive components most affected by changes in arousal. Highly aroused people are likely to fall back on well-learned knowledge and habits, even when they might have more relevant knowledge available.…”

Section: Impact Of Emotions On Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emotional Synthetic Forces

Henninger¹,

Chown²,

Jones³

2004

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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(Maximum 200 words):Report developed under a STTR contract number DASW01-99-C-0037 entitled Emotional Synthetic Forces. The objective of this research was to make the decision-making process of complex agents less predictable and more realistic, by incorporating emotional factors that affect humans. To this end, researchers adopted an approach that promotes the emergence of behavior as a result of complex interactions between factors affecting emotions, integrated in a connectionist-style model, and factors affecting decision making, represented in a symbolic model.This report explains the model sub-components, integration, and testing, which includes a description of the behaviors we used in the development of prototype, the design of experiments, a representative set of behavior patterns that emerged as a result of exercising the model over the design space, and recommendations for future work. Results of prototype suggest an effective means of increasing the variability of computer-generated forces (CGF) behavior in manner consistent with modern day emotional theories. SUBJECT TERMS FOREWORDComputer-Generated Forces (CGF) found in most current combat simulations act more lil

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Expectancy, arousal, and individual differences in free recall

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Behaviors that emerge from emotion and cognition

Behaviors that emerge from emotion and cognition

Listening to Intense Messages: The Role of Arousal and Affect in Message Content Recognition

Emotional Synthetic Forces

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