Expedient preparative isolation, quantification and characterization of limonoids from Neem fruits

A comprehensive review of phytochemical profile, bioactives for pharmaceuticals, and pharmacological attributes of Azadirachta indica

“…Previously, same group has confirmed the structures oflimocinone, limocin A, limocin B, limocinol, limocinin (Siddiqui et al, ), isonimolicinolide, and nimolicinoic acid (Siddiqui, Mahmood, Faizi, & Siddiqui, ) from uncrushed ripened fresh fruit coats. A recent study showed that fresh fruit contained azadirone, epoxyazadiradione, and azadiradione (Haldar, Phapale, Kolet, & Thulasiram, ).…”

“…Later on, examination of fruit coat using spectroscopic techniques revealed the presence of new tetracyclic triterpenoids such as salimuzzalin, azadirolic acid, azadiradinol, and azadironol (Siddiqui et al, 1998). Previously, same group has confirmed the structures oflimocinone, limocin A, limocin B, limocinol, limocinin (Siddiqui et al, 1991), isonimolicinolide, and nimolicinoic acid (Siddiqui, Mahmood, Faizi, & Siddiqui, 1987) from uncrushed ripened A recent study showed that fresh fruit contained azadirone, epoxyazadiradione, and azadiradione (Haldar, Phapale, Kolet, & Thulasiram, 2013).…”

Recent progress in the chemistry and biology of limonoids

“…45 Haldar et al developed the medium pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC) and LC-ESI-MS/MS-based technique to quickly isolate, identify and obtain some basic limonoids such as azadirone, epoxyazadiradione and azadiradione from neem fruits in preparative scale. 46 The LC-HRMS-guided and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (prep-HPLC)-based protocol was efficiently performed to isolate twenty-one secondary metabolites (including one limonoid, 1-O-methylclausenolide) from the leaves and stem bark extracts of Clausena anisata. 47 Recently, supercritical CO 2 extraction has been applied to obtain limonoid extracts from the seeds of C. aurantifolia swingle in shorter time when compared with that of the conventional methods.…”

Whole-Cell Mediated 11β-Hydroxylation on the Basic Limonoid Skeleton by Cunninghamella echinulata

“…A 41 mg (0.08 mmol) amount of 4 was isolated from 700 mg (1.50 mmol) of 1 in 5.6% yield. White solid; [α] 25 …”

“…For pH optimization study, eight individual sets of resting cell experiments were carried out by varying the buffer pH from 3.0 to 10.0 keeping other parameters identical. Also, for temperature optimization study resting cell experiments were kept in four independent sets with different temperatures of 25,30,35, and 40°C maintaining other conditions identical. Each set of experiments were carried out in triplicate.…”