Experience and Covariates of Depressive Symptoms Among a Cohort of HIV Infected Women

Richardson, Jean L.; Barkan, Susan E.; Cohen, Mardge H.; Back, Sara; FitzGerald, Gordon; Feldman, Joseph; Young, Mary; Palacio, Herminia

doi:10.1300/j010v32n04_05

Cited by 63 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[28][29][30][31][32][34][35][36][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61] Significantly higher percentages of women who were HIV-positive, had experienced IPV in the past year, and had used hard drugs in the past 30 days exhibited higher depressive symptoms, without adjusting for sociodemographic factors. However, when adjusting for the other SAVA factors, sociodemographic factors, social support and alcohol abuse, only the experience of IPV in the past year and drug use in the past 30 days remained significant, as did reporting low social support.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Syndemic Effects of Intimate Partner Violence, HIV/AIDS, and Substance Abuse on Depression among Low-Income Urban Women

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Intimate partner violence (IPV), HIV/AIDS, and substance use are epidemics among low-income urban women that have been described together as the "SAVA syndemic" because of their co-occurring nature. This study examines the synergistic or "syndemic" effect of these three health issues on depression among urban women and evaluates social support as a protective factor that might reduce depressive symptoms associated with the Substance Abuse, Violence, and AIDS (SAVA) syndemic. Data from 445 urban women were collected through in-person interviews. All women were over the age of 18, not pregnant, English speaking, and reported having a main partner in the past year. Twenty-five percent had experienced all three factors of the SAVA syndemic (were HIV-positive, had experienced IPV in the past year, and had used cocaine or heroin in their lifetime). HIV-positive status, hard drug use, IPV, and low levels of social support were all individually associated with greater depressive symptoms. When controlling for demographics and other SAVA factors, IPV and hard drug use in the past 30 days remained associated with depressive symptoms, as did low social support. However, social support did not modify the effect of the SAVA factors on depression. Compared to women who experienced no SAVA factors, women who had experienced all three factors were 6.77 times more likely to have depressive symptoms. These findings confirm that IPV is significantly associated with depressive symptoms and that the syndemic impact of IPV, substance use, and HIV could have even more extreme effects on depression outcomes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Syndemic Effects of Intimate Partner Violence, HIV/AIDS, and Substance Abuse on Depression among Low-Income Urban Women

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Depression was assessed using a score derived from the Center for Epidemiologic Study of Depression (CES-D) symptom checklist, where depressive symptoms and the likelihood of clinical depression were indicated by a score of 16 or higher 34 as validated by other studies in this population. 35 Current drug use pattern was examined as none, only marijuana use, or hard drug use, which included any injection drug use, heroin, cocaine, crack, or methadone amphetamine use. Other variables evaluated for all women included current alcohol use, which was examined as abstain-light (0-2 drinks per week) versus moderate-heavy drinking (!3 drinks per week), current and former smoking, current hormonal contraception use, current or prior cancer, and hepatitis C infection (HCV) status.…”

Section: Wihs Is An Ongoingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Correlates of Elevated Body Mass Index among HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Women in the Women's Interagency HIV Study

Boodram

Plankey

Cox

et al. 2009

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and the subsequent increased life expectancy in HIV-infected persons, non-HIV-related diseases have become an important cause of morbidity and mortality. This cross-sectional study reports the prevalence of overweight and obesity, and sociodemographic, psychological, and substance use-related risk factors for elevated body mass index (BMI) among 2157 HIVseropositive (HIVþ) in comparison to 730 HIV-seronegative (HIVÀ) participants in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). Separate univariable and multivariate linear regression analyses were completed for HIVþ and HIVÀ women. Our study revealed a similar proportion of obesity (body mass index [BMI] !30) among HIVþ (33%) and HIVÀ women (29%) ( p ¼ 0.12), as well as comparable median BMI (HIVþ: 26.1 versus HIVÀ: 26.7, p ¼ 0.16). HIVþ compared to HIVÀ women, respectively, were significantly ( p < 0.01) older (median ¼ 35.6 versus. 32.5), but similar ( p ¼ 0.97) by race=ethnicity (57% African American, 28% Hispanic, and 15% white for both). In multivariate models for both HIVþ and HIVÀ women, African American race=ethnicity was significantly ( p < 0.05) associated with higher BMI, while higher quality of life score and illicit hard drug use were associated with lower BMI. Additionally, smoking, alcohol use, markers of advanced HIV infection (AIDS diagnosis, elevated HIV viral load, low CD4 count), and a history of antiretroviral therapy use (ART) were also associated with lower BMI among HIVþ women. In conclusion, risk factors for elevated BMI were similar for HIVþ and HIVÀ women in the WIHS. For HIVþ women, all markers of advanced HIV infection and ART use were additionally associated with lower BMI.

show abstract

“…The HIV Epidemiology Research Study (N = 765; Ickovics et al, 2001) found that 77% of HIV-infected women reported intermittent or chronically high levels of depressive symptoms over time. In addition, the Women's Interagency HIV Study (N = 1993;Richardson et al, 2001) identified 58% of HIV-infected women as probable cases of clinical depression (e.g., CES-D scores ≥ 16). Smaller studies have documented a similar prevalence (56 -61%) depressive symptoms (e.g., Catz, Gore-Felton, & McClure, 2002;Siegel, Karus, Raveis, & Hagen, 1998;Simoni & Cooperman, 2000;Updegraff, Taylor, Kemeny, & Wyatt, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Stress Moderating Role of Benefit Finding on Psychological Distress and Well-being among Women Living with HIV/AIDS

Siegel

Schrimshaw

2006

AIDS Behav

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study examines whether the perception of having experienced growth as a result of a stressful event, often termed benefit finding, moderates the effects of stress (both physical symptomatology and social conflict) on psychological distress and well-being. For this cross-sectional study, an ethnically diverse sample (N =138) of women living with HIV/AIDS completed a series of self-report measures. Hierarchical regression analysis demonstrated that physical symptoms, social conflict, and benefit finding were associated with psychological distress and positive affect, even after controlling for social support, locus of control, and demographic confounds. Significant interactions revealed that among women with a high number of HIV-related physical symptoms, benefit finding moderated the negative effects of physical symptoms on both depressive and anxious symptoms. Benefit finding was not found to moderate the effects of social conflict. These findings suggest a potential mechanism (i.e., stress buffering) by which benefit finding could promote psychological adjustment. Further, the finding that benefit finding only moderated the growth-inducing stressor (e.g., the illness), but not the effects of other stressors (e.g., social conflict), suggests possible limits to the stress-buffering role of benefit finding.

show abstract

Experience and Covariates of Depressive Symptoms Among a Cohort of HIV Infected Women

Abstract: The scores on the CESD were elevated for both HIV positive and HIV negative women and the differences between the groups were small. Lower socioeconomic status and social support and higher substance use and domestic abuse were associated with depressive symptoms similarly for both groups.

Cited by 63 publications

References 31 publications

The Syndemic Effects of Intimate Partner Violence, HIV/AIDS, and Substance Abuse on Depression among Low-Income Urban Women

The Syndemic Effects of Intimate Partner Violence, HIV/AIDS, and Substance Abuse on Depression among Low-Income Urban Women

Prevalence and Correlates of Elevated Body Mass Index among HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Women in the Women's Interagency HIV Study

The Stress Moderating Role of Benefit Finding on Psychological Distress and Well-being among Women Living with HIV/AIDS

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About