Experience of stigma by people with schizophrenia compared with people with depression or malignancies

Świtaj, Piotr; Wciórka, Jacek; Grygiel, Paweł; Smolarska-Świtaj, Julita; Anczewska, Marta; Grzesik, Artur

doi:10.1192/pb.bp.110.029579

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Chung and Wong (2004) found that secrecy was the most common mechanism of coping with stigma among patients with mental health problems. In a study of 153 out-patients with schizophrenia in Poland, Switaj et al (2011) reported that 83 per cent of the respondents concealed their illness. In the multi-country INDIGO study, 72 per cent reported the need to conceal their diagnosis, while three out of every four respondents in the French INDIGO study (Daumerie et al, 2012) concealed their diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experiences of discrimination by people with schizophrenia in Lagos, Nigeria

Adeosun

Adegbohun

Jeje

et al. 2014

Journal of Public Mental Health

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Purpose – The label of schizophrenia attracts a high level of stigma; consequently, people with schizophrenia are victims of unfair treatment and have limited access to decent livelihood and basic opportunities. However, most studies on stigma have overlooked the experiences of patients with schizophrenia. The purpose of this paper is to assess the experience of discrimination by patients with schizophrenia in Lagos, Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach – A descriptive cross-sectional study. Out-patients with schizophrenia (n=150) were interviewed with the Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC 12) at the Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria. Findings – The majority of the respondents (86.7 per cent) had been avoided by people who knew they had schizophrenia. Unfair treatment was experienced by 71.3 per cent from family members, 62.7 per cent from friends, 32 per cent in social life and 28.7 per cent in intimate relationships, and 38.7 per cent in personal safety. The most commonly reported unfair treatment was inappropriate physical restraint (e.g. chains and ropes) applied by family members and beating. About eight out of ten (79.3 per cent) respondents concealed their illness. Originality/value – The findings indicate that people with schizophrenia in Nigeria experience high levels of discrimination, some of which contravenes their basic human rights. The unfair treatment experienced within the family context excludes people with schizophrenia from engaging in basic social relationships, education and the pursuit of life opportunities. Legislations should be reviewed to protect patients from unfair treatment and violation of their human rights. There is also need to equip them with strategies to cope with stigma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experience of stigma or discrimination evokes negative emotional reaction or distress and predisposes to low self-esteem (Wahl, 1999;Link et al, 2001). It also negatively impacts on social relatedness (Perlick et al, 2001), psychosocial functioning (Ertugrul and Ulug, 2004) and quality of life (Rosenfield, 1997;Switaj et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences of discrimination by people with schizophrenia in Lagos, Nigeria

Adeosun

Adegbohun

Jeje

et al. 2014

Journal of Public Mental Health

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“…These 20 studies (19.8%) found significant effects for age in perceived and experienced MIS scores. However, the direction of such effects is unclear, as some studies pointed out higher stigma scores among younger samples (Sarkin et al, 2014;Switaj et al, 2011;Zoppei et al, 2014;Ho et al, 2015), while others did so for elderly ones (Park et al, 2015;Vidojevic et al, 2015). Only four of the studies that included elderly participants did not control for or did not report the data related to possible age differences in their samples.…”

Section: Age Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, most of the works considered here failed to show diagnostic effects. In this perspective, it is possible that other variables, such as symptoms severity, present more impact on perceived and experienced MIS scores than the diagnostic (Livingston & Boyd, 2010;Switaj et al, 2011).…”

Section: Mental Illness Stigma In Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instruments for measuring perceived and experienced Mental Illness Stigma: A systematic review

Cardoso

Sanvicente‐Vieira

Ferracini

et al. 2020

PTP

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In order to investigate which instruments are most utilized when measuring perceived and experienced mental illness stigma (MIS) in adults, and some of the variables that may moderate or interfere in measured outcomes, 101 published empirical and peer-reviewed studies were systematically extracted from electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, Web of Science, and PsycINFO). The results revealed that MIS is commonly evaluated by five scales. When considering the most tested and reported associative effects, age, and symptoms' severity were identified as potentially intervening variables. Other variables, such as sex, diagnostic, and treatment regimen (inpatient/outpatient) were evaluated by a few studies and presented inconsistent results. These findings suggest that future studies should use well-established instruments in the literature to assess MIS, as well as to aim for the cross-cultural adaptation of instruments that evaluate MIS since no instruments presented in this review are validated to the Brazilian population.

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“…Although stigma is apparent across a plenitude of minorities and disabilities, mental illness is subject to an exceptional amount of stigma (Hinshaw, 2007;Świtaj et al, 2011;World Health Organization, 1998). According to Hinshaw and Stier (2008) a label of mental illness promotes rejection and suboptimal social interactions, which, to a degree, are unrelated to the actual attributes of those that experience stigma.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stigma of Schizophrenia: Assessing Attitudes among European University Students

Benov¹,

Eljaala²,

Felice³

et al. 2013

J Eur Psychol Students

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Stigma creates a barrier in the recovery from severe mental illness such as schizophrenia. Although stigmatising behaviour can be observed both among the general public and healthcare professionals, little is known about stigmatisation towards people with schizophrenia (PwS) among university students. This study will target psychology students, medical students and students of subjects not directly associated with healthcare professions in seven European countries (Bulgaria, Denmark, England, Ireland, Malta, Slovenia and Switzerland). The aims of the current study are to explore the stigma held by students in the aforementioned countries, and any possible differences between students of health-related and non health-related subjects. Furthermore, potential differences between those that have taken a module in psychopathology and/or schizophrenia will be considered. Measures assessing knowledge, contact, negative emotions and desired social distance were distributed in an online format.

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Experience of stigma by people with schizophrenia compared with people with depression or malignancies

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Experiences of discrimination by people with schizophrenia in Lagos, Nigeria

Experiences of discrimination by people with schizophrenia in Lagos, Nigeria

Instruments for measuring perceived and experienced Mental Illness Stigma: A systematic review

Stigma of Schizophrenia: Assessing Attitudes among European University Students

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