“…Project-based learning (PjBL) has been widely adopted in high-level computer science courses, spanning all major areas including programming languages 11 , software engineering 12 , database management systems 13 , data virtualization 14 , computer graphics 15 , computer vision 16 , computer architecture 17 , operating systems 18 , compiler design 19 , artificial intelligence 20 , web technologies 21 , mobile developments 22 , data mining 23 , computer security 24 , cybersecurity 25 , and computer networks 26 . Their evaluation results confirm PjBL's effectiveness in helping students attain course learning objectives and develop skills for their employment compared with lecture-based learning.…”