Experience of using municipal solid waste in the energy industry (An Overview)

Тугов, А. Н.

doi:10.1134/s0040601515120125

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Adding carbamide into the boiler furnace and a mixture of activated carbon and alkaline sorbent Ca(OH)2 into the absorber also reduces the concentration of hazardous substances to regulatory limits in flue gases [10]. We can conclude that adding 10-20% of used oils to the fuel slurry (compositions with industrial waste and MSW), on the one hand, reduces the concentration of dioxins and furans in flue gases [10] due to an increase in the combustion temperature by 200-300 °C In Figure 4, the points of intersection of the corresponding dashed curves with a line at T g = 800 • C correspond to the ignition moment (t d ) of different fuel compositions. The heat input at t = t d in the area of rapid exothermic reaction (ignition zone) exceeds the heat outflow from this area into the environment.…”

Section: Environmental Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Reference [10], when MSW is burned at 1300 • C and above, the harmful gases (PCDD/Fs) released break down into safe simple compounds that do not pose any threat to the environment. Adding carbamide into the boiler furnace and a mixture of activated carbon and alkaline sorbent Ca(OH) 2 into the absorber also reduces the concentration of hazardous substances to regulatory limits in flue gases [10]. We can conclude that adding 10-20% of used oils to the fuel slurry (compositions with industrial waste and MSW), on the one hand, reduces the concentration of dioxins and furans in flue gases [10] due to an increase in the combustion temperature by 200-300 • C and, on the other hand, increases the concentration of the main anthropogenic emissions (carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur oxides) as compared with the same characteristics for burning fuel compositions without combustible liquids.…”

Section: Environmental Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main method of treatment is sorting and separation of recyclables. The rest of the waste is usually stored at open-air disposal sites [10,11]. Although the share of MSW in the total volume of Russia's waste is about 1% (or 57 Mt in 2017), it is this type of waste that poses the greatest threat to the population, as large disposal sites of MSW are located close to where most of the population resides (in the suburbs of large cities and megalopolises).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another technical problem, involving large investments, is strict flue gas cleaning requirements. Nowadays, there are rather tough legal restrictions [10,24,25] on the content of harmful substances in the flue gases of MSW incineration plants (EU 94/67/EEC), which will entail additional installation and maintenance expenses for costly gas filtration systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Switching Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant to Composite Fuel for Recovering Industrial and Municipal Waste: Combustion Characteristics, Emissions, and Economic Effect

2020

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Combustion characteristics were studied experimentally for single droplets of fuel slurries based on wet coal processing waste with municipal solid waste components (cardboard, plastic, rubber, and wood) and used turbine oil. We established the ignition delay time for three various groups of fuel compositions in motionless air at 600–1000 °C. The minimum values are 3 s, and the maximum ones are 25 s. The maximum temperatures in the droplet vicinity reach 1300 °C during fuel combustion for compositions with 10% of used oil. The combustion temperatures of fuel compositions without oil are 200–300 °C lower. The concentrations of anthropogenic emissions in flue gases do not exceed those from dry coal combustion. Adding used oils to composite fuels reduces the concentrations of dioxins and furans in flue gases when municipal solid waste in the fuel burns out due to high combustion temperatures. Based on the experimental research findings, we have elaborated a strategy of combined industrial and municipal waste recovery by burning it as part of composite fuels, as illustrated by three neighboring regions of the Russian Federation with different industrial structures and levels of social development. This strategy suggests switching three typical coal-fired thermal power plants (one in each of the regions) to composite liquid fuel. It will reduce the hazard of waste to the environment and decrease the consumption of high-quality coals for power generation. Implementing the developed strategy for 25 years will save 145 Mt of coal and recover 190–260 Mt of waste. The positive economic effect, considering the modernization of fuel handling systems at thermal power plants and the construction of a fuel preparation plant, will make up 5.7 to 6.9 billion dollars, or 65–78%, respectively, of the main costs of three thermal power plants operating on coal within the identical period.

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Section: Environmental Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Switching Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant to Composite Fuel for Recovering Industrial and Municipal Waste: Combustion Characteristics, Emissions, and Economic Effect

2020

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Waste to Chemicals for a Circular Economy

Iaquaniello

Centi

Salladini

et al. 2018

Chemistry A European J

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The implementation of a circular economy is a fundamental step to create a greater and more sustainable future for a better use of resources and energy. Wastes and in particular municipal solid waste represent an untapped source of carbon (and hydrogen) to produce a large range of chemicals from methane to alcohols (as methanol or ethanol) or urea. The waste to chemical process and related economics are assessed in this concept article to show the validity of such solution both from an economic point of view and from an environmental perspective considering the sensible reduction in greenhouse gas emissions with respect to conventional production from fossil fuels.

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Waste‐to‐Chemicals for a Circular Economy: The Case of Urea Production (Waste‐to‐Urea)

Antonetti¹,

Iaquaniello²,

Salladini³

et al. 2017

ChemSusChem

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The economics and environmental impact of a new technology for the production of urea from municipal solid waste, particularly the residue-derived fuel (RdF) fraction, is analyzed. Estimates indicate a cost of production of approximately €135 per ton of urea (internal rate of return more than 10 %) and savings of approximately 0.113 tons of CH and approximately 0.78 tons of CO per ton of urea produced. Thus, the results show that this waste-to-urea (WtU) technology is both economically valuable and environmentally advantageous (in terms of saving resources and limiting carbon footprint) for the production of chemicals from municipal solid waste in comparison with both the production of urea with conventional technology (starting from natural gas) and the use of RdF to produce electrical energy (waste-to-energy). A further benefit is the lower environmental impact of the solid residue produced from RdF conversion. The further benefit of this technology is the possibility to realize distributed fertilizer production.

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Experience of using municipal solid waste in the energy industry (An Overview)

Cited by 16 publications

References 1 publication

Switching Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant to Composite Fuel for Recovering Industrial and Municipal Waste: Combustion Characteristics, Emissions, and Economic Effect

Switching Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant to Composite Fuel for Recovering Industrial and Municipal Waste: Combustion Characteristics, Emissions, and Economic Effect

Waste to Chemicals for a Circular Economy

Waste‐to‐Chemicals for a Circular Economy: The Case of Urea Production (Waste‐to‐Urea)

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