“…Many FL dyslexic students can compensate for their reading problems and demonstrate at least average achievements at different educational levels, especially when supported with appropriate teaching practices (Nijakowska, 2010;Olofsson, Taube, & Ahl, 2015). Nevertheless, the accumulating research evidence confirms that many students diagnosed with dyslexia in their first language (L1) experience difficulties of varying severity in learning additional languages (Bonifacci, Canducci, Gravagna, & Palladino, 2017;Dimililer & Istek, 2018;Kormos et al, 2019;Łockiewicz & Jaskulska, 2016Łockiewicz & Jaskulska, , 2019Toffalini, Losito, Zamperlin, & Cornoldi, 2018;Ylinen et al, 2019; see Kormos, 2017a, 2020, for a review), which seems to be apparent in both instructed settings, where additional language/s are learned in the school environment, and in naturalistic settings, where additional language/s are acquired in the home environment (Geva & Wiener, 2014;Martin, 2013;Peer & Reid, 2016).…”