Experiences With a Two-Terminal-Pair Digital Impedance Bridge

Callegaro, Luca; D'Elia, Vincenzo; Kampik, Marian; Kim, Dan Bee; Ortolano, Massimo; Pourdanesh, Faranak

doi:10.1109/tim.2015.2401192

Cited by 44 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The new state equation is then

These two state equations can finally be combined to determine the cable loading effect

and the effective impedance ratio

The ability of the DJIB to perform ‘direct’ and ‘reverse’ measurements for any impedance ratio greatly simplifies the characterization of the bridge. Indeed, many systematic biases cancel out after combining the two balances [ 63 ] as shown in Eq. B.13 .…”

Section: Bridge Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Josephson impedance bridge: towards a universal bridge for impedance metrology

et al. 2020

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This paper presents a full characterization of a Dual Josephson Impedance Bridge (DJIB) at frequencies up to 80 kHz by using the DJIB to compare the best available impedance standards that are (a) directly traceable to the quantum Hall effect, (b) used as part of international impedance comparisons, or (c) believed to have calculable frequency dependence. The heart of the system is a dual Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer (JAWS) source that offers unprecedented flexibility in high-precision impedance measurements. The JAWS sources allow a single bridge to compare impedances with arbitrary ratios and phase angles in the complex plane. The uncertainty budget shows that both the traditional METAS bridges and the DJIB have comparable uncertainties in the kilohertz range. This shows that the advantages of the DJIB, including the flexibility which allows the comparison of arbitrary impedances, the wide frequency range, and the automated balancing procedure, are obtained without compromising the measurement uncertainties. These results demonstrate that this type of instrument can considerably simplify the realization and maintenance of the various impedance scales. In addition, the DJIB is a very sensitive tool for investigating the frequency-dependent systematic-errors that can occur in impedance construction and in the voltage provided by the JAWS source at frequencies greater than 10 kHz.

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“…The new state equation is then

These two state equations can finally be combined to determine the cable loading effect

and the effective impedance ratio

Section: Bridge Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Josephson impedance bridge: towards a universal bridge for impedance metrology

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The other contributing uncertainty factors are from the 2TP bridge measurement of which some systematic errors are inevitable due to the source output impedance, the lead wire, etc. The cable impedance error can be diminished by taking an average of the forward and the reverse measurements, but the error coming from the source output impedance cannot be eliminated [10]. However, for the 1:1 ratio of high impedance capacitors, its influence should be negligible if two sources have the same output impedance so to be equally added to each capacitor.…”

Section: Capacitance Measurement Of 1:1 Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, in an effort to overcome the shortcomings of the conventional ratio transformer bridges, another type of bridge employing two voltage sources has been studied by several groups since early 1980s [6][7][8][9][10][11]. With the employment of two sources, one for each impedance arm, the dual-source bridge (DSB) can compare any combination of impedances by controlling the phase between the sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An impedance bridge measuring the capacitance ratio in the high frequency range up to 1 MHz

Kim¹,

Lee²,

Kim³

2017

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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This paper describes a 2-terminal-pair impedance bridge, measuring the capacitance ratio in the high frequency range up to 1 MHz. The bridge was configured with two voltage sources and a phase control unit which enabled the bridge balance by synchronizing the voltage sources with an enhanced phase resolution. Without employing the transformers such as inductive voltage divider, injection and detection transformers, etc, the bridge system is quite simple to set up, and the balance procedure is quick and easy. Using this dual-source coaxial bridge, the 1:1 and 10:1 capacitance ratios were measured with 1 pF–1 nF capacitors in the frequency range from 1 kHz to 1 MHz. The measurement values obtained by the dual-source bridge were then compared with reference values measured using a commercial precision capacitance bridge of AH2700A, the Z-matrix method developed by ourselves, and the 4-terminal-pair coaxial bridge by the Czech Metrological Institute. All the measurements agreed within the reference uncertainty range of an order of 10−6–10−5, proving the bridge ability as a trustworthy tool for measuring the capacitance ratio in the high frequency range.

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“…These bridges can compare a single resistance standard and a single capacitance standard. The digital approach allows the design and implementation of much simpler bridges [6,7]. A further alternative can be a special type of digital impedance bridge, which exploits two pulse-driven Josephson junction arrays (also called Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer, JAWS) to provide arbitrary voltage ratios with an arbitrary phase angle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutual validation of PTB’s Josephson and INRIM-POLITO’s electronic impedance bridges for the realization of the farad from graphene quantum standards

Marzano¹,

Pimsut²,

Kruskopf³

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the 25th IMEKO TC4 International Symposium and 23rd International Workshop on ADC and DAC Modelling and Testing

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In the International System of Units, the impedance units can be realized from the quantum Hall effect, a macroscopic quantum phenomenon producing quantized resistance values. Established experiments employ individual GaAs devices [1], but novel materials such as graphene can be exploited to realize the units with relaxed experimental conditions. Furthermore, simple traceability chains can be implemented with novel digital impedance bridges. By combining novel digital impedance bridges and graphene quantum standards, an easy-to-operate and affordable impedance standard has been developed in the framework of the European EMPIR project 18SIB07 GIQS (Graphene Impedance Quantum Standards). An onsite comparison of an electronic and a Josephson impedance bridge developed at INRIM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Italy) together with POLITO (Politecnico di Torino, Italy) and at PTB (Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Germany), respectively, were organized for their mutual validation in the realization of the farad from graphene quantum standards. The result of the comparison and the last progresses of the GIQS project are here presented.

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Experiences With a Two-Terminal-Pair Digital Impedance Bridge

Cited by 44 publications

References 10 publications

Dual Josephson impedance bridge: towards a universal bridge for impedance metrology

Dual Josephson impedance bridge: towards a universal bridge for impedance metrology

An impedance bridge measuring the capacitance ratio in the high frequency range up to 1 MHz

Mutual validation of PTB’s Josephson and INRIM-POLITO’s electronic impedance bridges for the realization of the farad from graphene quantum standards

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