Experiencias psicóticas atenuadas y consumo de sustancias en universitarios

Fonseca‐Pedrero, Eduardo; Ortuño‐Sierra, Javier; Paíno, Mercedes; Muñiz, José

doi:10.20882/adicciones.781

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Referring to the literature, previous studies that have examined the interaction between the occurrence of PTSD and/or ADHD and substance abuse have noted that certain risk factors for the onset of psychotic symptoms secondary to a diagnosis of PTSD and ADHD are present, including problematic substance use (28). In addition, a strong association has been shown between problematic substance use and positive screening results for PLEs (50,51), which is also consistent with the results obtained in our study. Moreover, other studies report that in the group of individuals with ADHD, alcohol abuse can be related to a higher frequency of more severe PTSD symptoms (28).…”

Section: Modelsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of the interaction between PTSD and ADHD symptoms on the level of reporting psychotic-like experiences: findings from a non-clinical population

Gelner,

Karska,

Gawęda

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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ObjectivePsychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are increasingly being recognized as subclinical phenomena that might predict the development of various mental disorders that are not limited to the psychosis spectrum. Accumulating evidence suggests that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are highly comorbid mental disorders. However, their interactive effect on the occurrence of PLEs has not been investigated so far. Therefore, in the present study we aimed to investigate the effect of interaction between ADHD and PTSD symptoms on the level of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in the non-clinical sample.MethodsThe study included 3,000 individuals aged 18–35 years with a negative history of psychiatric treatment. The symptoms of ADHD and PTSD were assessed using self-reports.ResultsThere was a significant association of the interaction between ADHD and PTSD with the level of reporting PLEs. This association remained significant after adjustment for age, gender, the level of education, the current vocational situation, lifetime history of problematic substance use, and depressive symptoms. Post-hoc tests demonstrated significantly higher levels of reporting PLEs in participants with positive screening for both ADHD and PTSD compared to other subgroups of participants. Also, individuals with positive screening for one vulnerability (either ADHD or PTSD) reported significantly higher levels of reporting PLEs compared to those with a negative screening for ADHD and PTSD. In turn, no significant differences between individuals reporting one vulnerability, i.e., between those with positive screening for ADHD and those with positive screening for PTSD, were observed.ConclusionFindings from the present study imply that both PTSD and ADHD symptoms the interaction effect on the level of reporting PLEs that might be of importance for early intervention strategies. However, observed associations require replication in clinical samples.

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Section: Modelsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of the interaction between PTSD and ADHD symptoms on the level of reporting psychotic-like experiences: findings from a non-clinical population

Gelner,

Karska,

Gawęda

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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“…The ASSIST assesses the frequency of substance use in the 3 months preceding the completion of the questionnaire, with kappa coefficients across the items for each substance ranging from 0.61 to 0.78. This study employed an abbreviated modification of two items of the ASSIST 3.0, previously validated with Spanish youngsters (Fonseca‐Pedrero et al, 2016; Soto Brandt et al, 2014). The Spanish version has high internal consistency for high‐risk scores, with a Cronbach's α coefficient of .93 (Rubio Valladolid et al, 2014).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and psychopathological predictors of clinical high‐risk of psychosis in adolescence

Fernández,

Juncal‐Ruiz,

González‐Menéndez

et al. 2024

J Clin Psychol

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ObjectivesClinical high‐risk psychosis (CHRp) samples can be heterogeneous, consisting essentially of people with not only psychotic‐like experiences but also nonspecific symptoms that may reflect common mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, or substance abuse pathologies. Few studies have attempted to analyze and understand psychosis risk in relation to both environmental (ER) and psychopathological risk (PsR) factors. This study aimed to determine the clinical risk of psychosis in adolescents.MethodsA representative sample of 1824 Spanish adolescents from the general population was evaluated using different scales to thoroughly examine the possible interaction of CHRp with various ER and PsR factors. Partial correlations were calculated to assess the relationships between the variables. A series of hierarchical linear regression models were then used to obtain a CHRp predictor model.ResultsThe CHRp predictor model indicated that PsR was the most significant determining factor, explaining 22% of the total associated variance of CHRp. However, the ER factor also emerged as a significant predictor of high‐risk psychosis (accounting for 9% of the variance).ConclusionsA predictive model for CHRp in adolescents was found, in which common psychological problems were presented as more determinant risk factors than ER disruptors. Furthermore, certain transdiagnostic processes, such as psychological inflexibility, may play a central role in the development of mental health problems, including psychosis. Specifying the mechanisms underlying the emergence of CHRp in adolescence is the key to optimizing the focus of preventive therapeutic interventions in these early stages.

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“…Neste sentido, ser estudante e trabalhador, expõe o universitário ao acúmulo de exigências e situações impostas pelas tarefas e condições geradoras de estresse, ligadas tanto à atividade de trabalho, quanto às vivenciadas no ambiente de formação acadêmica, estabelecendo uma condição vulnerável ao consumo de SPAs lícitas e ilícitas, e às suas consequências (Andrade et al, 2010;Oliveira et al, 2009;Padovani et al, 2014). Além disso, o uso de SPAs entre universitários trabalhadores aumenta a probabilidade de morbidade e mortalidade, por propiciar e expor a outros comportamentos de risco à saúde, e também a consequências, como: violência interpessoal, homicídios, suicídio, comportamento sexual de risco, uso inconsistente de preservativos, aumento da incidência de doenças infectocontagiosas, acidentes com veículos automotores, incapacidades pós-trauma, distúrbios do sono, experiências psicóticas, mudanças do hábito alimentar, prejuízo do desempenho atlético, mortes prematuras, redução em anos de vida potencialmente e/ou a diminuição da expectativa de vida dos universitários, entre outros efeitos (Andrade et al, 2010;Cogollo-Milanés et al, 2011;Fonseca-Pedrero, Ortuño-Sierra, Paino, & Muñiz, 2016;Lima et al, 2017;Pelicioli et al, 2017).…”

Section: O Uso De Substâncias Psicoativas Por Universitários Trabalhaunclassified

O Uso de Substâncias Psicoativas por Universitários Trabalhadores

Heleno

Borges

Alves

et al. 2018

Rev Psi Divers Saúde

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Em um cenário de crescimento do uso de substâncias psicoativas entre universitários, a presente pesquisa objetivou levantar o uso destas substâncias conforme o sexo (homem e mulher), a situação de trabalho (estar trabalhando ou não) e a idade (jovem com menos de 29 anos e os demais) no contexto de duas instituições de ensino superior do setor privado com fins lucrativos em Belo Horizonte. Do ponto de vista metodológico, aplicamos questionários estruturados em 868 estudantes em sessões coletivas em sala de aula. Todos os participantes responderam anonimamente. Desenvolvemos análises estatísticas das respostas. A análise fatorial identificou dois tipos de sustâncias psicoativas – Prescritas e Não Prescritas. As análises de regressão mostraram que apenas o sexo apresenta capacidade preditiva dos escores nos fatores. O uso de café como substância estimulante é mais frequente entre os estudantes trabalhadores e com mais de 29 anos. Os resultados podem ser importantes para a construção de instrumento específico, bem como para orientar novos levantamentos acerca da dinâmica do trabalho influenciando tais condutas.

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Experiencias psicóticas atenuadas y consumo de sustancias en universitarios

Cited by 9 publications

References 60 publications

Effects of the interaction between PTSD and ADHD symptoms on the level of reporting psychotic-like experiences: findings from a non-clinical population

Effects of the interaction between PTSD and ADHD symptoms on the level of reporting psychotic-like experiences: findings from a non-clinical population

Environmental and psychopathological predictors of clinical high‐risk of psychosis in adolescence

O Uso de Substâncias Psicoativas por Universitários Trabalhadores

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