Experiencing the Untouchable: A Method for Scientific Exploration and Haptic Fruition of Artworks Microsurface Based on Optical Scanning Profilometry

Mazzocato, Sara; Daffara, Claudia

doi:10.3390/s21134311

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…This system allows high resolution and accuracy both in the depth (order of sub-micrometers) and in lateral (order of micrometers) directions, as well as the ability to scan macroscopic regions (order of tens of centimeters). A comprehensive description of the prototype and its applications on artworks can be found in literature [18,19,25].…”

Section: The Optical Scanner Microprofilometermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Method for Spatially Registered Microprofilometry Combining Intensity-Height Datasets from Interferometric Sensors

Mazzocato

Daffara

2023

Sensors

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A recognized problem in profilometry applied to artworks is the spatial referencing of the surface topography at micrometer scale due to the lack of references in the height data with respect to the “visually readable” surface. We demonstrate a novel workflow for spatially referenced microprofilometry based on conoscopic holography sensors for scanning in situ heterogeneous artworks. The method combines the raw intensity signal collected by the single-point sensor and the (interferometric) height dataset, which are mutually registered. This dual dataset provides a surface topography registered to the artwork features up to the precision that is given by the acquisition scanning system (mainly, scan step and laser spot). The advantages are: (1) the raw signal map provides additional information about materials texture, e.g., color changes or artist marks, for spatial registration and data fusion tasks; (2) and microtexture information can be reliably processed for precision diagnostic tasks, e.g., surface metrology in specific sub-domains and multi-temporal monitoring. Proof of concept is given with exemplary applications: book heritage, 3D artifacts, surface treatments. The potential of the method is clear for both quantitative surface metrology and qualitative inspection of the morphology, and it is expected to open future applications for microprofilometry in heritage science.

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Section: The Optical Scanner Microprofilometermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Method for Spatially Registered Microprofilometry Combining Intensity-Height Datasets from Interferometric Sensors

Mazzocato

Daffara

2023

Sensors

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“…A detailed description of the prototype can be found in the literature. 9,10,12 The hardware and the data modules of the microprofilometer is exemplified in Figure 1. The holographic probe is based on a laser diode of 655 nm wavelength that allows single-point distance measurements in the line-of-sight direction.…”

Section: The Optical Scanner Microprofilometermentioning

confidence: 99%

Can we unlock more information from interferometric sensors? Feasibility and performance analysis

Mazzocato,

Daffara

2023

Optics for Arts, Architecture, and Archaeology (O3A) IX

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The surface is the most representative part of an artwork and it is also the part most exposed to alterations due to interaction with the surrounding environment. Non-destructive surface monitoring is of crucial importance in preserving and conserving cultural heritage and optical interferometric techniques allow to acquire the surface structure down to the submicrometric scale. In this work, we start from laser microprofilometry based on conoscopic holography sensors to unlock a new way of measuring the surface. In the last years, this technique has proven effective for surface diagnostic in heritage science providing high-quality surface dataset on diffusive, highly reflective, and polychrome artworks. However, an open problem in profilometry is the spatial referencing of surface topography at the micrometer scale, due to the lack of references in the height data with respect to the visually readable surface. We have recently developed a solution that exploits the raw intensity signal collected by the single-point sensor (i.e. the backscattered signal of the laser diode) and the interferometric height dataset, which are intrinsically registered. This method provides additional information about material texture, color variations or artist's marks that enable spatial registration and data fusion tasks, otherwise difficult in traditional laser profilometry. In this paper we analyzed the feasibility and the performance of the whole process chain from the acquisition to the exploitation of the dual height-intensity datasets, focusing the attention on the raw intensity signal interpreted as a "raw reflectance signal". We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach by presenting results on exemplary case studies.

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“…Micro-profilometry is an incoherent holographic technique based on the properties of birefringent crystals [ 23 ]. For each point on an object, the interference pattern between the ordinary and extraordinary rays has a scale parameter that is a function of the distance of the point.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Performance Comparison of 3D Survey Instruments for Their Application in the Cultural Heritage Field

Lunghi,

Vannini,

Dal Fovo

et al. 2024

Sensors

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Thanks to the recent development of innovative instruments and software with high accuracy and resolution, 3D modelling provides useful insights in several sectors (from industrial metrology to cultural heritage). Moreover, the 3D reconstruction of objects of artistic interest is becoming mandatory, not only because of the risks to which works of art are increasingly exposed (e.g., wars and climatic disasters) but also because of the leading role that the virtual fruition of art is taking. In this work, we compared the performance of four 3D instruments based on different working principles and techniques (laser micro-profilometry, structured-light topography and the phase-shifting method) by measuring four samples of different sizes, dimensions and surface characteristics. We aimed to assess the capabilities and limitations of these instruments to verify their accuracy and the technical specifications given in the suppliers’ data sheets. To this end, we calculated the point densities and extracted several profiles from the models to evaluate both their lateral (XY) and axial (Z) resolution. A comparison between the nominal resolution values and those calculated on samples representative of cultural artefacts was used to predict the performance of the instruments in real case studies. Overall, the purpose of this comparison is to provide a quantitative assessment of the performance of the instruments that allows for their correct application to works of art according to their specific characteristics.

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Experiencing the Untouchable: A Method for Scientific Exploration and Haptic Fruition of Artworks Microsurface Based on Optical Scanning Profilometry

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

A Method for Spatially Registered Microprofilometry Combining Intensity-Height Datasets from Interferometric Sensors

A Method for Spatially Registered Microprofilometry Combining Intensity-Height Datasets from Interferometric Sensors

Can we unlock more information from interferometric sensors? Feasibility and performance analysis

A Performance Comparison of 3D Survey Instruments for Their Application in the Cultural Heritage Field

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