Experiment study of an enhanced vapor injection refrigeration/heat pump system using R32

Xu, Shuxue; Ma, Guoyuan; Liu, Qi; Liu, Zhongliang

doi:10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2012.12.014

Cited by 60 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Several basic cycle configuration modifications have been proposed to decrease the discharge temperature and in the same time, increase the energy performance of the air conditioning system using R32. Shuxue et al (2013) quantified the discharge temperature reduction by the use of enhanced vapor injection between 10 and 20 K but Xu et al (2013) only measured energy performance improvement using this configuration at non-extreme cooling and heating conditions. Yang et al (2015) concluded that two-phase injection outperforms liquid injection ( Figure 11) and two-phase suction in both cooling capacity and COP by 12% and 5%.…”

Section: Single Split Air Conditioning Systems Containing Less Than 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent investigations in HFCs substitution with lower GWP synthetic alternatives: Focus on energetic performance and environmental impact

Mota-Babiloni

Makhnatch

Khodabandeh

2017

International Journal of Refrigeration

142

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Recent investigations in HFCs substitution with lower GWP synthetic alternatives: focus on energetic performance and environmental impact  More studies about lower GWP refrigerants are needed to facilitate the phase-out HFCs.  HFO studies are mostly found in MAC and domestic refrigerators.  Stationary refrigeration equipment presents the major variety of studies.  Multipack centralized refrigeration systems studies are being dominated by CO 2 (R744).  R32 is limited by the discharge temperature and injection cycles are needed.  Mixtures could help to overcome pure fluids handicaps.

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Section: Single Split Air Conditioning Systems Containing Less Than 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Barve and Cremaschi, 2012 Park et al, 2015Qv et al, 2017Shuxue et al, 2013Wu et al, 2016Xu et al, 2013Yang et al, 2015Zilio et al, 2015…”

Section: R32mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent investigations in HFCs substitution with lower GWP synthetic alternatives: Focus on energetic performance and environmental impact

Mota-Babiloni

Makhnatch

Khodabandeh

2017

International Journal of Refrigeration

142

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“…The ASHP type has to be appropriate to work in cold climate. The key element of such a construction is the electronically controlled compressor with EVI (enhanced vapour injection) technology [20]. • GSHP-Ground source heat pump with vertical exchanger using energy accumulated in the ground for heating and domestic hot water preparation.…”

Section: Building Variantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Optimal Plus Energy Building in a Cold Climate

Firląg

2019

Energies

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The main objective of this article is to propose possible requirements for cost-optimal plus energy building in a cold, heating dominated climate. The open question is what is more cost-effective: reduction of energy demand or increase of production from renewable energy sources. The target of the research was to check which solution has the lowest investment and maintenance costs. The analysis was made for a single-family house located in central Poland, including three different energy standards: WT2021 with energy need for heating ≤100 kWh/(m² year), NF40 with energy need for heating ≤40 kWh/(m² year) and NF15 with energy need for heating ≤15 kWh/(m² year)). Air and ground source heat pumps were used as a heat source and a photovoltaic system for the production of the electrical energy. For each case the investment and running costs were calculated very precisely, taking into account heating, ventilation, domestic hot water and auxiliary systems. Global cost for a 30-year period showed that house variants with air source heat pumps are more cost effective. The investment, replacement and maintenance cost related with energy systems have the biggest share in the global cost. Reaching the plus energy standard was possible only in the case of low-energy standard NF40 and NF15. Based on this research the proposed requirements for plus energy single-family residential buildings in central Poland are the following: the final (delivered) electrical energy demand (including heating, ventilation, domestic hot water and auxiliary systems) <45 kWh/(m² year) and the on-site electrical energy production >45 kWh/(m² year).

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“…Shuxue et al [61] found that the enhanced vapour injection reduces the discharge temperature by [10,20] K. In addition, the best range of relative vapour injection mass is [12,16]% for the best overall cooling and heating performance (it changes the evaporating and condensing temperatures by [0.8, 1] K). Xu et al [62] found that the capacity and COP (both cooling and heating) improvements using R32 can reach up to 10% and 9% using a vapour-injected HP system.…”

Section: Performance and Discharge Temperature Concern Of Pure R32mentioning

confidence: 99%

Refrigerant R32 as lower GWP working fluid in residential air conditioning systems in Europe and the USA

Mota-Babiloni

Navarro-Esbrí

Makhnatch

et al. 2017

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

114

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Because air conditioning and heat pump systems contribute greatly to greenhouse gas emissions, equipment with both lower global warming potential (GWP) working fluids and a higher level of performance should be used. R32 (difluoromethane) has been proposed to substitute R410A, particularly in residential air conditioning (RAC) systems. This study collected the most relevant and recent researches into R32 as a refrigerant so as to assess its viability in RAC systems in both Europe and the USA, as compared to R410A and other lower GWP RAC alternatives.The R32 value of GWP is 677, which is below the F-gas regulation limit in RAC equipment (750). According to ASHRAE standard 34, R32 is less flammable than hydrocarbons, and the amount of charge permitted for R32 is above the necessary level in RAC equipment. It can be concluded that R32 has significantly good heat transfer characteristics and a level of performance that make it acceptable at low condensing temperatures, thereby avoiding overly high compressor discharge temperatures. Its performance is very similar to that of R410A across the entire operating range, and it is therefore believed that R32 will be utilized in RAC systems in the remaining countries that prioritize lower GWP fluids but are less strict in their security regulations.To replace R410A under extreme conditions, some system modifications can be conducted, or R32 mixtures with hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) can be used. Such mixtures achieve a lower performance than R32, but are acceptable replacements when considering their lower GWP compared to that of R32, and similar level of flammability. Finally, other (R32-based) alternative mixtures have also been developed and their behaviours studied under a wide range of operating conditions.

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Experiment study of an enhanced vapor injection refrigeration/heat pump system using R32

Cited by 60 publications

References 14 publications

Recent investigations in HFCs substitution with lower GWP synthetic alternatives: Focus on energetic performance and environmental impact

Recent investigations in HFCs substitution with lower GWP synthetic alternatives: Focus on energetic performance and environmental impact

Cost-Optimal Plus Energy Building in a Cold Climate

Refrigerant R32 as lower GWP working fluid in residential air conditioning systems in Europe and the USA

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