Experimental Acute Ammonium Oxalate Poisoning of Sheep

James, Mark; Seawright, A. A.; Steele, D. P.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1971.tb09195.x

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…On morphological characteristics the crystals appeared similar to calcium oxalate as seen in oxalosis (Peterson and Kuhn, 1965), ethylene glycol poisoning (Smith, 1951), and in the kidneys of sheep affected by excess oxalate ingestion either from feed containing oxalis pes caprae (Watts, 1959) or acute ammonium oxalate poisoning (James et al, 1971). The large amount of crystal deposited in the kidney probably accounts for the terminal renal failure in a previously well functioning homotransplant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The suspected calcium oxalate crystals isolated from the kidney by the method of James, Seawright, and Steele (1971) were treated with an excess of ethanol and an equal quantity of toluene was then added with a trace of concentrated sulphuric acid. The resulting turbid mixture was refluxed for two minutes and cooled.…”

Section: Silica-gel Thin-layer and Gas Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Identification of crystals deposited in brain and kidney after xylitol administration by biochemical, histochemical, and electron diffraction methods

Evans¹,

Phillips²,

Mukherjee³

et al. 1973

J Clin Pathol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Silica-gel Thin-layer and Gas Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of crystals deposited in brain and kidney after xylitol administration by biochemical, histochemical, and electron diffraction methods

Evans¹,

Phillips²,

Mukherjee³

et al. 1973

J Clin Pathol

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“…some of the cytoplasmic vacuolation seen. 11 Oxalates probably accumulated in kidneys as a consequence of endogenous glycine degradation 3,8 and contributed to inadequate renal function. Reviews of renal dysplasia 2,18 have not mentioned similar lysosome-like structures in other species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathology of Renal Dysplasia and Bladder Aplasia-Hypoplasia in a Flock of Sheep

et al. 1993

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Abstract. Congenital renal disease was detected in a flock of sheep in the English Midlands over 2 successive years (1982 and 1983). A Suffolk ram was removed from the flock and test mated to unrelated Suffolk ewes in another flock; 14 of the resulting 43 lambs born in 1984 had an identical congenital renal disease. Kidneys were examined microscopically from 60 clinically affected neonatal lambs. Kidneys from 7 of the 60 clinically affected neonatal lambs (1, 1983; 6, 1984) were examined ultrastructurally and compared with kidneys from 3 healthy unrelated neonatal lambs. Most affected lambs examined (52/60) had bilaterally small kidneys (≤ 2 g) with fine intracortical cysts and distinct cortical and medullary zones. Kidneys were either grossly normal (3/60 lambs) or multicystic and of normal size to markedly enlarged (5/60 lambs). The bladder was absent or vestigial in most lambs. Microscopically, poorly differentiated ("primitive") tubules were present in renal cortex and medulla. Proximal convoluted tubules, where present, were formed by epithelial cells with distinctive round weakly autofluorescent intracytoplasmic inclusions with the ultrastructural appearance of atypical lysosomes. Loops of Henle, distal convoluted tubules, and juxtaglomerular-peripolar cell complexes were largely absent. Glomerular changes were minimal. Cystic dilatation of nephrons was restricted to proximal convoluted tubules lined by vacuolated epithelium. This distinctive congenital renal dysplasia of sheep was most likely inherited as a dominant trait with complete penetrance.

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“…Poisoning in sheep and cattle has been reported when pasture contains 7-8% soluble oxalate on a DM basis (Seawright et al 1970;James et al 1971;James and Butcher 1972) while the presence of 3% oxalates in the diet of lambs significantly depressed voluntary feed intake (Burritt and Provenza 2000). McKenzie et al (1988) reported that levels of 2% or more soluble oxalate (sodium and potassium oxalates, expressed as potassium oxalate equivalent) can lead to acute toxicosis in sheep.…”

Section: Oxalatementioning

confidence: 99%

A review of potential contaminants in Australian livestock feeds and proposed guidance levels for feed

MacLachlan¹,

Blaney²,

Cook³

et al. 2013

Anim. Prod. Sci.

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Abstract. Contaminants of man-made and natural origin need to be managed in livestock feeds to protect the health of livestock and that of human consumers of livestock products. This requires access to information on the transfer from feed to food to inform risk profiles and assessments, and to guide management interventions such as regulation or Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point approaches. This paper reviews contaminants of known and potential concern in the production of livestock feeds in Australia and compares existing but differing state and national regulatory standards with international standards. The contaminants considered include man-made organic chemical contaminants (e.g. legacy pesticides), elemental contaminants (e.g. arsenic, cadmium, lead), phytotoxins (e.g. gossypol) and mycotoxins (e.g. aflatoxins). Reference is made to scientific literature and evaluations by regulators to propose maximum levels that can be used for guidance by those involved in managing contamination incidents or developing feed safety programs.

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Experimental Acute Ammonium Oxalate Poisoning of Sheep

Cited by 19 publications

References 5 publications

Identification of crystals deposited in brain and kidney after xylitol administration by biochemical, histochemical, and electron diffraction methods

Identification of crystals deposited in brain and kidney after xylitol administration by biochemical, histochemical, and electron diffraction methods

Pathology of Renal Dysplasia and Bladder Aplasia-Hypoplasia in a Flock of Sheep

A review of potential contaminants in Australian livestock feeds and proposed guidance levels for feed

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