Experimental analysis of natural wax as phase change material by thermal cycling test using thermoelectric system

Trisnadewi, Titin; Kusrini, Eny; Nurjaya, Dwi Marta; Putra, Nandy; Mahlia, T.M.I.

doi:10.1016/j.est.2021.102703

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The BW6 liquid presented a soft and smooth surface ( Figure 1 c,d). At higher magnifications, some of the biowaxes (i.e., BW2, Figure 1 a,b) had a compact structure with sharp and well-defined angles and a uniform color, similar to what Trisnadewi et al (2021) found for palm wax [ 30 ]. The EDS analysis (surface composition of the sample) could only be performed with BW2 since the others melted when coming into contact with the electron beam.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Biowaxes from Palm Oil as Promising Candidates for Cosmetic Matrices and Pharmaceuticals for Human Use

Chaparro,

Neira,

Molina

et al. 2023

Materials

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The production of waxes from vegetable oils, such as palm oil, for use as a base material in products for human applications is an alternative to those derived from petroleum and animals. Seven palm oil–derived waxes, called biowaxes (BW1–BW7) in this work, were obtained by catalytic hydrotreating of refined and bleached African palm oil and refined palm kernel oil. They were characterized by three properties: compositional, physicochemical (melting point, penetration value, and pH), and biological (sterility, cytotoxicity, phototoxicity, antioxidant, and irritant). Their morphologies and chemical structures were studied by SEM, FTIR, UV–Vis, and 1H NMR. The BWs presented structures and compositions similar to natural biowaxes (beeswax and carnauba). They had a high concentration of waxy esters (17%–36%) with long alkyl chains (C, 19–26) per carbonyl group, which are related to high melting points (<20–47.9 °C) and low penetration values (2.1–3.8 mm). They also proved to be sterile materials with no cytotoxic, phototoxic, antioxidant, or irritant activity. The biowaxes studied could be used in cosmetic and pharmacological products for human use.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Biowaxes from Palm Oil as Promising Candidates for Cosmetic Matrices and Pharmaceuticals for Human Use

Chaparro,

Neira,

Molina

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…Cocoa butter reveals a series of peaks attributed to the complex polymorphic behavior and melting process . It is worth noting that the thermal analysis data could be used to assess the behavior of paraffin, waxes, and cocoa butter as phase change materials and lubricants ,− and would allow one to identify connections between structure, microstructure, and thermal and tribological properties.…”

Section: Results Of Research-based Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Teaching-Learning Framework for Materials Characterization

Chetehouna,

Viola

2024

J. Chem. Educ.

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Materials Characterization" is a broad discipline that plays a pivotal role in various scientific sectors and requires diversified training to provide learners with the necessary tools and skills for the investigation of materials' structure, microstructure, and properties. This study puts forward a comprehensive framework aimed at providing undergraduate STEM students with a wide range of competencies for material characterization. These include acquiring the essential theoretical knowledge of key characterization methods, the ability to construct experimental plans, the skills needed for sample preparation, and the aptitude to generate, analyze, and interpret data. By combining various strategies and pedagogical tools, the framework aims to facilitate selfdirected and self-determined learning, allowing students to shape their educational journey and explore areas of personal interest within the discipline. Furthermore, the framework incorporates diversified approaches aimed at developing research proficiency and the ability to communicate research outcomes, both within conference contexts and through report formats resembling publications. The findings demonstrate the promising prospect that undergraduate students have the capacity to acquire the methodologies of scientists and to produce work of comparable quality. This study testifies the considerable potential that lies in engaging enthusiastic and capable students in scientific research and fostering the early development of future researchers.

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“…The variations in the thermal events can be linked to the physical changes in the oleogels throughout the melting (endothermic) and cooling (exothermic) processes. It has been reported that the melting temperature (T m ) and crystallization temperature (T c ) of SW are 43.92 and 38.49 °C, respectively [ 21 ]. In our study, one prominent signal was observed at ~43 °C in the heating cycle for each sample.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we can hypothesize that an increase in SYL concentration does not affect the crystallization process of the oleogels. Compared to the thermal study of neat SW, there is a shift in the crystallization curve of the prepared oleogels, suggesting that the presence of RSO and SYL can affect the crystallization process of the SW crystals [ 21 ]. Studies have also reported that the presence of phospholipids can affect the microstructure and thermal properties, thereby changing the molecular assembly of the wax crystals [ 69 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Natural waxes can create a network of fat crystals with significant oil-binding characteristics, even at low concentrations (lower than 10% w / w ) [ 17 ]. The naturally occurring waxes are obtained from seed coats (e.g., rice bran wax (RBX)) [ 18 ], plant cuticles (e.g., carnauba wax (CRW)) [ 19 ], insect secretions (e.g., beeswax (BW)) [ 20 ], or seed-based wax (e.g., soy wax (SW)) [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variations in Microstructural and Physicochemical Properties of Soy Wax/Soybean Oil-Derived Oleogels Using Soy Lecithin

et al. 2022

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Emerging natural-based polymers and materials progress and new technology innovations open the way for unique food products with high nutritional value development. In this regard, oleogel may be essential in replacing fatty acids from food products. In this study, we researched the effects of varied soy lecithin (SYL) concentrations on the various physicochemical characteristics of soy wax (SW)/refined soybean oil (RSO) oleogels. These oleogels had a soft texture. The microscopic analysis of the oleogels suggested that the thickness, length, and density of the wax crystals (needle-shaped) varied as the SYL content was changed. Colorimetric analysis indicated that the oleogels were slightly yellowish. FTIR spectrometry helped analyze the functional groups of the raw materials and the oleogels. All the functional groups present in the raw materials could be accounted for within the oleogels. The only exception is the hydrogen-bonding peak in SW, which was not seen in the FTIR spectrum of the oleogels. It was found that at a critical SYL content, the oleogel showed a stable and repeatable wax network structure. This can be described by the presence of the uniformly distributed fat crystal network in the sample. The DSC analysis revealed that the oleogel samples were thermo-reversible, with their melting and crystallization temperatures ~43 °C and ~22 °C, respectively. In gist, it can be concluded that the incorporation of SYL can impact the color, wax crystal network characteristics, thermal characteristics, and mechanical characteristics of the oleogels in a composition-dependent manner.

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Experimental analysis of natural wax as phase change material by thermal cycling test using thermoelectric system

Cited by 28 publications

References 23 publications

Biowaxes from Palm Oil as Promising Candidates for Cosmetic Matrices and Pharmaceuticals for Human Use

Biowaxes from Palm Oil as Promising Candidates for Cosmetic Matrices and Pharmaceuticals for Human Use

A Teaching-Learning Framework for Materials Characterization

Variations in Microstructural and Physicochemical Properties of Soy Wax/Soybean Oil-Derived Oleogels Using Soy Lecithin

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