Experimental Analysis of Temperature Resistance of 3d Printed Pla Components

Suder, Jiří; Bobovský, Zdenko; Šafář, Michal; Mlotek, Jakub; Vocetka, Michal; Zeman, Zdeněk

doi:10.17973/mmsj.2021_03_2021004

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To experimentally determine the cooling deflection (deflection of the specimen due to natural convection cooling) caused by stress, heated specimens with varying infill densities were placed on two supports (Suder et al, 2021) set 60 mm apart. Loads of 75 g and 170 g were applied at the center of the specimens, and the resulting displacements were measured after cooling.…”

Section: Cooling Deflection Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental and numerical investigations on the thermoforming of 3D-printed polylactic acid parts

Alexandru,

Popescu,

Constantin

et al. 2024

RPJ

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the thermoforming process of 3D-printed parts made from polylactic acid (PLA) and explore its application in producing wrist-hand orthoses. These orthoses were 3D printed flat, heated and molded to fit the patient’s hand. The advantages of such an approach include reduced production time and cost. Design/methodology/approach The study used both experimental and numerical methods to analyze the thermoforming process of PLA parts. Thermal and mechanical characteristics were determined at different temperatures and infill densities. An equivalent material model that considers infill within a print is proposed. Its practical use was proven using a coupled finite-element analysis model. The simulation strategy enabled a comparative analysis of the thermoforming behavior of orthoses with two designs by considering the combined impact of natural convection cooling and imposed structural loads. Findings The experimental results indicated that at 27°C and 35°C, the tensile specimens exhibited brittle failure irrespective of the infill density, whereas ductile behavior was observed at 45°C, 50°C and 55°C. The thermal conductivity of the material was found to be linearly related to the temperature of the specimen. Orthoses with circular open pockets required more time to complete the thermoforming process than those with hexagonal pockets. Hexagonal cutouts have a lower peak stress owing to the reduced reaction forces, resulting in a smoother thermoforming process. Originality/value This study contributes to the existing literature by specifically focusing on the thermoforming process of 3D-printed parts made from PLA. Experimental tests were conducted to gather thermal and mechanical data on specimens with two infill densities, and a finite-element model was developed to address the thermoforming process. These findings were applied to a comparative analysis of 3D-printed thermoformed wrist-hand orthoses that included open pockets with different designs, demonstrating the practical implications of this study’s outcomes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cooling Deflection Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and numerical investigations on the thermoforming of 3D-printed polylactic acid parts

Alexandru,

Popescu,

Constantin

et al. 2024

RPJ

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show abstract

“…The accuracy of the scan was set by a resolution of 0.2 mm [34]. Because the prosthesis is made of silicone and, therefore, of a material that greatly absorbs the laser scanning beam, a higher beam intensity (shutter) was set (value 5.4) [35,36].…”

Section: Inner Socket Scanningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric Production of Prostheses Using the Additive Polymer Manufacturing Technology Multi Jet Fusion

Ráž,

Chval,

Kemka

2024

Materials

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This study aims to develop a procedure for the production of 3D-printed forearm prostheses (especially hard outer sockets). The production procedure is designed in the form of a parametric workflow (CAD model), which significantly speeds up the designing process of the prosthesis. This procedure is not fixedly dependent on the software (SW) equipment and is fully transferable into another SW environment. The use of these prostheses will significantly increase the comfort of their patients’ lives. It is possible to produce prostheses faster and in larger amounts and variants by the usage of additive technology. The input for the own production of the prosthesis is a model of the internal soft socket of the patient. This soft socket (soft bed) is made by a qualified prosthetist. A 3D-scanned CAD model is obtained afterward using the scanning method by an automatic laser projector. An editable, parametric external socket (modifiable in any CAD format) is generated from the obtained 3D scan using a special algorithmic model. This socket, after the necessary individual modifications, is transferred to 3D printing technology and produced using powder technology Multi Jet Fusion (HP MJF). The result of the designed and tested procedure is a quickly editable 3D-printed outer socket (main part of prosthesis), which is able to fully replace the current long-fiber composite solution. Production of current solutions is relatively time-consuming, and only one piece is produced in a given time. The newly designed technology eliminates this. This study summarized the possibilities of speeding up the production of forearm prostheses (but not only these) by creating a parametric CAD model that is applicable to different patients.

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“…The fabrication process had two stages, the printing of the polyactide acid (PLA) substrate for the FSS and the complement substrate followed by manual painting of the loops on the FSS substrate. The thermal conductivity of PLA is 0.16 m -1 K -1 [46], and the glass transition temperature is about 60 °C [47]. The CST models of both the convoluted FSS and complement substrate were exported to .stl file and then sent to Raised 3D printer machine using CURA software for printing.…”

Section: A Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Frequency Selective Surface Displacement Sensor Using Complementary Dielectrics

et al. 2023

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A novel displacement sensor using a frequency selective surface (FSS) with a removable substrate complement is proposed. The new concept sensor is based on modifying the effective permittivity of the FSS when the substrate complement is gradually withdrawn. The change in the effective permittivity produces a change in capacitance, and thus in the resonant frequency. The FSS consists of an array of square loops elements in a square lattice. A 3D convoluted version of the FSS sensor improves the angle of incident behavior and increases the displacement range. The dielectric layers of the 3D FSS sensor were 3D printed while the metal layers were painted using silver conductive paint. The transmission response, S21, has been employed as the validation parameter. The proposed sensor operates in a frequency range between 2.0 GHz and 2.8 GHz and has achieved a 0.052 GHz/mm sensitivity and 12 mm dynamic range and has a dimension of 207mm by 207mm. The sensor is passive, compact, inexpensive, and easy to operate. The envisaged application is the wireless detection of structural movement, which can be critical in civil structures such as bridges or buildings or earthquake monitoring.

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Experimental Analysis of Temperature Resistance of 3d Printed Pla Components

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

Experimental and numerical investigations on the thermoforming of 3D-printed polylactic acid parts

Experimental and numerical investigations on the thermoforming of 3D-printed polylactic acid parts

Parametric Production of Prostheses Using the Additive Polymer Manufacturing Technology Multi Jet Fusion

Three-Dimensional Frequency Selective Surface Displacement Sensor Using Complementary Dielectrics

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