Experimental Analysis of Weather Condition Effects on Photovoltaic Systems’ Performance: A Jordan Case Study

Abstract

Energy generation and economic development are closely linked, with energy playing a pivotal role in wealth creation. However, the finite nature of fossil fuel resources and associated environmental challenges has emphasized the need for sustainable energy alternatives based on renewable sources. Among these alternatives, photovoltaic (PV) systems hold significant potential for fostering a sustainable energy system. Despite ongoing material research, achieving a major breakthrough in enhancing the conversion efficiency of commercial PV modules remains a challenge. To optimize PV system yield, installation must consider geographic location and design factors. PV modules often yield different results compared to manufacturer specifications due to factors such as high temperatures, dust, and arid to semiarid climates. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct outdoor testing and characterization of PV modules tailored to specific locations, such as Jordan, to maximize system performance. This research aims to examine the impact of ambient temperature, dust accumulation, and solar irradiance intensity on PV system performance in Jordan, providing valuable insights through monitoring power output variations. The findings will contribute to improving PV system efficiency in Jordan’s unique climate and aid manufacturers in developing innovative PV applications. The collected data includes solar radiation, temperature, voltage, current, and output power. The results confirm that the Azraq site is a better location when compared to Mafraq based on the possibility of generated more output power using a PV system.