Experimental and calculation results of the integral reflood test QUENCH-14 with M5® cladding tubes

Experimental and modelling results of the QUENCH-18 bundle experiment on air ingress, cladding melting and aerosol release

“…According to crucible experiments, a noticeable dissolution of zirconium oxide by metallic zirconium begins only from 2300 K (Hofmann et al, 1999); therefore, the cladding melt appearing at ≈2000 K remains localized between the outer oxide layer and the pellet. This is also confirmed by the localization of the melt under the outer oxide layer in the previous QUENCH experiments (Stuckert et al, 2010, Stuckert et al, 2011.…”

A comparison of core degradation phenomena in the CORA, QUENCH, Phébus SFD and Phébus FP experiments

“…In order to investigate explicitly the effect of refloods on bundle degradation the QUENCH program was initiated in Karlsruhe in 1996 and is still on-going (Sepold et al, 2007(Sepold et al, , 2009Steinbrück et al, 2010;Stuckert et al, 2010Stuckert et al, , 2011Stuckert and Steinbrück, 2014). This comprises bundle experiments, Table 2, as well as complementary separate-effects tests.…”

Modelling of QUENCH-03 and QUENCH-06 Experiments Using RELAP/SCDAPSIM and ASTEC Codes

“…Two tests were performed with B 4 C control rods, one with an AgInCd control rod; all the others used an unheated but instrumented fuel rod simulator. The latest QUENCH tests deal with the behaviour of different cladding materials [6,7], oxidation under air ingress conditions [8], and debris formation and its influence on quenching [9,10]. A new QUENCH-LOCA program is now underway.…”