Experimental and Computational Studies of Low-Temperature Mach 4 Flow Control by Lorentz Force

Nishihara, Munetake; Takashima, Keisuke; Bruzzese, John; Adamovich, Igor V.; Gaitonde, Datta V.

doi:10.2514/1.49243

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The design of the probe used in the present experiments is described in greater detail in our recent publication. 18 Basically, the probe is a custom-made capacitive voltage divider which consists of a coaxial feed-through capacitor (110 pF) and stray capacitance of the plasma, connected to a Tektronix 3054B oscilloscope through a 50 X terminator. The probe has a rectangular flat tip 3 mm Â 12 mm, placed horizontally 8 mm above the top wall of the discharge channel.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and modeling analysis of fast ionization wave discharge propagation in a rectangular geometry

et al. 2011

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International audienceFast ionization wave (FIW), nanosecond pulse discharge propagation in nitrogen and helium in a rectangular geometry channel/waveguide is studied experimentally using calibrated capacitive probe measurements. The repetitive nanosecond pulse discharge in the channel was generated using a custom designed pulsed plasma generator (peak voltage 1040 kV, pulse duration 30100 ns, and voltage rise time ∼1 kV/ns), generating a sequence of alternating polarity high-voltage pulses at a pulse repetition rate of 20 Hz. Both negative polarity and positive polarity ionization waves have been studied. Ionization wave speed, as well as time-resolved potential distributions and axial electric field distributions in the propagating discharge are inferred from the capacitive probe data. ICCD images show that at the present conditions the FIW discharge in helium is diffuse and volume-filling, while in nitrogen the discharge propagates along the walls of the channel. FIW discharge propagation has been analyzed numerically using quasi-one-dimensional and two-dimensional kinetic models in a hydrodynamic (drift-diffusion), local ionization approximation. The wave speed and the electric field distribution in the wave front predicted by the model are in good agreement with the experimental results. A self-similar analytic solution of the fast ionization wave propagation equations has also been obtained. The analytic model of the FIW discharge predicts key ionization wave parameters, such as wave speed, peak electric field in the front, potential difference across the wave, and electron density as functions of the waveform on the high voltage electrode, in good agreement with the numerical calculations and the experimental results

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and modeling analysis of fast ionization wave discharge propagation in a rectangular geometry

et al. 2011

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“…With the 10mm-diam model in the test section, the Mach number decreases significantly, to M 4:0 at P 0 440-760 torr. As the cylinder model diameter is increased, the static pressure rise and the apparent Mach number reduction are most likely due to boundary-layer buildup on the plane side walls of the tunnel, affected by the secondary cross flow [10], and its interaction with the model, which produces significant flow blockage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The power coupled to the flow by the dc discharge is significantly higher than the repetitively pulsed discharge power. Previously, this approach has been used in our work to sustain highpower discharges in a Mach 3-4 MHD wind tunnel [8][9][10] and in an electrically excited gas dynamic oxygen-iodine laser [7]. In the present experiments, the repetitively pulsed discharge is operated for up to several seconds, and the dc discharge is operated for 0.5-1.0 s. The dc power supply is triggered by an externally generated rectangular shaped trigger pulse.…”

Section: Experimental Apparatus and Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present approach is to use a high-pressure, low-temperature, diffuse electric discharge sustained in the plenum of a small-scale supersonic wind tunnel to load internal energy modes of nitrogen and oxygen molecules. A similar approach has been used previously to develop electrically excited gas dynamic lasers [5][6][7] and to study feasibility of low-temperature MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) flow control [8][9][10]. Target nonequilibrium airflow parameters downstream of the discharge are as follows: run time at steady-state conditions 5-10 s, plenum pressure P 0 0:5-1:0 atm, translational/ rotational temperature T 0 300-500 K, and vibrational temperature T v0 2; 000 K. Internal energy-mode disequilibrium in the flow excited in the discharge can be controlled by injecting "rapid relaxer" species (carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, or hydrogen) into the subsonic nonequilibrium flow between the discharge section and the nozzle throat [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a Mach 5 Nonequilibrium-Flow Wind Tunnel

Nishihara¹,

Takashima²,

Jiang³

et al. 2012

AIAA Journal

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A small-scale Mach 5 blowdown wind tunnel has been developed to generate steady-state nonequilibrium flows. The wind tunnel uses transverse nanosecond pulse discharge, overlapped with transverse dc discharge, to load internal energy modes of N 2 and O 2 in plenum. The stable discharge is operated at high plenum pressures, at energy loadings of up to 0:1 eV=molecule in nitrogen, generating nonequilibrium nitrogen and airflows with run time of 5-10 s, translational/rotational temperature of T 0 300-400 K, and N 2 vibrational temperature of up to T V0 2000 K. Internal energy-mode disequilibrium is controlled by injecting O 2 , NO, H 2 , or CO 2 into the subsonic flow between the discharge and the nozzle throat. Flow over a cylinder model in a Mach 5 test section is visualized by schlieren imaging and NO planar laser-induced fluorescence imaging, using a burst-mode laser operated near 226 nm, at a pulse-repetition rate of 10-20 kHz. NO planar laser-induced fluorescence images on two single-line NOX; v 0 0 ! A; v 00 0 transitions are used to infer rotational temperature distributions in NO-seeded nitrogen flows in the supersonic section, with and without discharge. Single-line NO planar laser-induced fluorescence images on a NOX; v 0 1 ! A; v 00 1 transition are used to infer the NO vibrational temperature in a nitrogen Mach 5 flow excited by the discharge and seeded with NO. The results are compared to three-dimensional nonequilbrium flow modeling calculations, showing good agreement.

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“…With the 10 mm diameter model in the test section, the Mach number decreases significantly, to M ¼4.0 at P 0 ¼ 440-760 Torr. As the cylinder model diameter is increased, the static pressure rise and the apparent Mach number reduction are most likely due to boundary layer buildup on the plane side walls of the tunnel, affected by the secondary cross flow [8], and its interaction with the model, which produces significant flow blockage.…”

Section: Wind Tunnel Configurationmentioning

confidence: 98%