Experimental and Kinetic Study on the Ignition Delay Times of 2,5-Dimethylfuran and the Comparison to 2-Methylfuran and Furan

Abstract

The ignition phenomena of 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF), 2-methylfuran (MF), and furan are systematically investigated. Ignition delay times are measured over the temperature range of 1150–2010 K and pressures of 1.2, 4, and 16 bar for lean, stoichiometric, and rich DMF/Ar/O2 mixtures. For comparison, similar measurements for stoichiometric MF/O2/Ar and furan/O2/Ar are also conducted. Through a multi-regression analysis, the measured ignition delay times of DMF are fitted empirically in an Arrhenius-like form as a function of experimental parameters. It is observed that, when the fuel concentration, pressure, temperature, and equivalence ratio are kept constant, furan has the longest ignition delay times, while the reactivity of DMF and MF strongly depends upon the temperature. The experimental ignition delay times are compared to model predictions of Somers et al. and Liu et al. Both models could give qualitative agreement with DMF and MF ignition data, while the model of Somers et al. provides better quantitative agreement. Modifications have been made to the model of Somers et al. to agree better with present ignition delay times and other sets of furan data. Further reaction pathway and sensitivity analysis are carried out to understand their combustion kinetics.

Recent Trends in the Production, Combustion and Modeling of Furan-Based Fuels

“…The same behavior was previously observed for 1,3-dimethylbenzene (m-xylene) and ethylbenzene by Shen and Oehlschlaeger [201]. Further comparative ignition trends of 2,5-DMF, 2-MF and furan were also studied by Xu et al [198]. Ignition delay times were measured for 2,5-DMF/Ar/O 2 mixtures at pressures of 1.2-16 bar and temperatures of 1150-2010 K for rich, stoichiometric and lean conditions.…”

“…Phenol was the main product from 2,5-DMF decomposition, leading to the formation of cyclopentadiene and naphthalene. In a study by Xu et al [198], ignition delay times for 2,5-DMF, 2-MF and furan were compared to the predictions of the models by Somers et al [9] and Liu et al [159]. The results indicated qualitative agreement between the predictions of both models and 2,5-DMF and 2-MF relative ignition trends, with the model of Somers et al [9] exhibiting better quantitative agreement for both fuels.…”

“…A number of studies focused on comparative reactivity trends among furans and alkyl furans through ignition delay time measurements [24,25,[197][198][199][200]. One of the leading efforts in this direction was a study by Eldeeb and Akih-Kumgeh [24], which systematically investigated the ignition behavior of furan, 2-MF and 2,5-DMF.…”

“…Fan et al [205] measured ignition delay times of 2,3-dihydrofuran (2,3-DHF) and 2,5-dihydrofuran (2,5-DHF) mixtures with oxygen and argon in a shock tube for pressures of 1.2-10 atm, temperatures of 1100-1635 K and equivalence ratios of 0.5-2.0. The ignition delay time data was compared with literature furan data [23,198] to explore the impact of carbon double bonds on ignition behavior. The results revealed that 2,3-DHF exhibited shorter ignition delay times than 2,5-DHF, while furan was observed to have the longest ignition delay times, which was attributed to the stronger bond dissociation energies of furan.…”

“…Another group of chemical kinetic model validation studies focused on the validation of models against ignition and concentration data for multiple furans and tetrahydrofurans [24,29,139,155,198,227]. Eldeeb and Akih-Kumgeh [24] used their ignition delay time measurements for 2,5-DMF and 2-MF for comparison with chemical kinetic models by Sirjean et al [10] and Somers et al [9].…”