Experimental and Mathematical Model for the Antimalarial Activity of Methanolic Root Extract of Azadirachta indica (Dongoyaro) in Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei NK65

Olaniyi, Adeniyi; Oshiobugie, Momoh Johnson; Raphael, Aderele Oluwaseun

doi:10.9734/jamcs/2020/v35i530283

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A mechanistic study has revealed that alkaloids arrest cell division, thus inhibiting cancer proliferation [54]. Adeniyi et al [4] study shows that A.indica methanolic root extract contain secondary metabolite like phenolic compunds, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannin etc. Manda et al [55] study shows that A.indica methanolic root extract possess carbohydrate, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic compound, saponins, tannin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taxonomic classification of Azadirachta indica (neem) include: Order; Rutales, Suborder; Rutinae, Family; Meliaceae, Subfamily; Melioideae, Tribe; Melieae, Genus; Azadirachta, and Species indica" [3]. Numerous studies have shown different biological and pharmacological activities of Azadirachta indica which include antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities, antipyretic, hypoglycemic, antibacterial, antigastric ulcer, antifungal and antitumour activities [4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Biochemical Characterization and Molecular Identification of Escherichia coli Isolate from Abattoir Wastes and Its Susceptibility to Ethanolic Root Extract of Azadirachta indica (neem)

Momoh

Olaleye

2022

JAMB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim: The study evaluates the molecular identification of Escherichia coli isolate from abattoir wastes and its susceptibility to ethanolic root extract of Azadirachta indica (neem). Methodology: The isolation, cultural characterization and identification of Escherichia coli isolate using biochemical methods and molecular identification (polymerase chain reaction) were carried out using standard methods. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic root extract of Azadirachta indica (neem) were determined using standard methods. Antibacterial activities were determined by disc diffusion and agar well diffusion methods. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined using standard procedures. Results: The result of the phytochemical screening shows that the plant contains phenolic compounds, flavonoids, carbohydrate, alkaloids, saponins, tannin and cardiac glycosides. forty compounds were identified in the root of A. indica using GC-MS analysis with 9-Octadecenoic acid, (E)- being the most abundant with peak area of 28.13% and retention time of 22.044. The organism was confirmed to be Escherichia coli using polymerase chain reaction with specific primer pairs and later resolved in an agarose gel electrophoresis for 16S rRNA gene with band size of 253 base pair. The organism was susceptible to gentamycin, amoxicillin, pefloxacin, sparfloxacin and resistant to tarivid with weak response. The study shows that ethanolic root extract of A. indica exhibited strong response antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli with zone of inhibition of 19.48±0.23 and 21.36±0.54 at concentration of 250 and 500 mg/dl respectively. At 100 mg/ml, the extract showed little or no response with zone of inhibition of 9.33±0.33. Azithromycin solution at 12.50 and 25.00 mg/ml showed strong response and potent response against E. coli with zone of inhibition of 23.37±0.48 and 37.34±0.65 respectively. At 5.00 mg/ml, azithromycin antibiotic exhibited weak response against E. coli with zone of inhibition of 15.37 ± 0.33. The ethanolic root extract of A. indica and azithromycin solution have MIC and MBC values of 31.25, 15.63, 62.50 and 31.25 mg/ml respectively against E. coli. The ethanolic root extract of A. indica was bactericidal with MBC/MIC ratio of 2.00. The plant has antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and may prevent pathogenic diseases caused by the organism. Conclusions: The root of Azadirachta indica (neem) contains phytochemicals, possesses antibacterial activity and may prevent pathogenic diseases caused by Escherichia coli.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Characterization and Molecular Identification of Escherichia coli Isolate from Abattoir Wastes and Its Susceptibility to Ethanolic Root Extract of Azadirachta indica (neem)

Momoh

Olaleye

2022

JAMB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

A review of efficacy and safety of Ugandan anti-malarial plants with application of RITAM score

Angupale

Tusiimire

Ngwuluka

2023

Malar J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Malaria, a treatable disease mainly caused by Plasmodium falciparum has remained a health challenge in Africa, a continent that accounted for 96% of total global cases and deaths in 2021. Uganda, a malaria endemic country is experiencing malaria parasite resistance to some of the drugs used in the artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT). In an effort to prioritize herbal medicines for new product development, this review synthesized the available safety and efficacy literature on the Ugandan anti-malarial plants to suggest most effective herbal plants. Methods Literature was exhaustively searched using engines and databases, such as Google scholar, Pubmed, and Scopus-indexed journals during the period of June 2020–December 2021. In the first phase, information on ethnobotanical uses of anti-malarial plants in Uganda was gathered and synthetized to generate a list of plants, followed by data on anti-malarial efficacy (both in vitro and in vivo) on each listed plant. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (µg/ml), and % parasite suppression for every plant were scored using The Research Initiative on Traditional and Antimalarial Methods (RITAM) scoring system. The best twenty (20) plants were evaluated for acute safety (LD50) data in rat model, plant parts used, ease of cultivation, presence of clinical studies and other relevant factors for suggesting the best three (3) plants for future anti-malarial product development. Results Over one hundred twenty-six (126) plant species are used in Uganda for treatment of malaria in local communities. Out of these, about 33% (41) have been studied for efficacy and safety, with Artemisia annua and Vernonia amygdalina being the most extensively studied and among the best twenty (20) anti-malarial plants in Uganda. Both are limited by parasite recrudescence in clinical studies. Microglossa pyrifolia, a very potent plant (IC50 = 0.03 – 0.05 µg/ml has potential to penetrate the liver and could ameliorate the challenge of recrudescence if combined with A. annua and V. amygdalina in a polyherbal formulation. Conclusion There are many plants with promising potential for malaria treatment in Uganda and a herbal combination of A. annua, V. amydalina and M. pyrifolia could offer the next herbal ACT if carefully studied and developed.

show abstract

Comparative Analysis of Phytochemical Composition of Aqueous Extracts from Azadirachta indica and Vernonia amygdalina

Erhabor,

Erhabor

2024

sciphy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Azadirachta indica (neem) and Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) are among the most promising medicinal plants, valued for their broad spectrum of biological activities, including antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antidiabetic, and antitumor properties. These plants play a central role in traditional Nigerian medicine for treating tropical diseases such as malaria, typhoid fever, yellow fever, and scabies. This study employed gravimetric analysis to identify and quantify the phytochemical compounds in both plants. Fresh leaves were collected, cleaned, air-dried, and their aqueous extracts were screened for key phytochemical constituents. The analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, and phenolic compounds in both extracts. Quantitative results showed that Azadirachta indica had the highest flavonoid content (13.80%), slightly surpassing Vernonia amygdalina (13.62%). Similarly, terpenoids (13.13%) and alkaloids (10.67%) were more abundant in the neem extract compared to the bitter leaf (8.21% and 9.68%, respectively). Lower percentages of glycosides and saponins were observed, with neem containing higher concentrations of both compounds than the bitter leaf. These findings suggest that both plants are rich sources of bioactive compounds with potential applications in developing antibacterial and antifungal treatments. Further research into the phytochemical properties of these plants may facilitate the discovery of novel drugs to combat tropical diseases while reducing the reliance on synthetic chemicals, thus mitigating environmental degradation.

show abstract

Experimental and Mathematical Model for the Antimalarial Activity of Methanolic Root Extract of Azadirachta indica (Dongoyaro) in Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei NK65

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Biochemical Characterization and Molecular Identification of Escherichia coli Isolate from Abattoir Wastes and Its Susceptibility to Ethanolic Root Extract of Azadirachta indica (neem)

Biochemical Characterization and Molecular Identification of Escherichia coli Isolate from Abattoir Wastes and Its Susceptibility to Ethanolic Root Extract of Azadirachta indica (neem)

A review of efficacy and safety of Ugandan anti-malarial plants with application of RITAM score

Comparative Analysis of Phytochemical Composition of Aqueous Extracts from Azadirachta indica and Vernonia amygdalina

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About