Experimental and modeling studies of C2H4/O2/Ar, C2H4/methylal/O2/Ar and C2H4/ethylal/O2/Ar rich flames and the effect of oxygenated additives

Dimethyl Carbonate as a Promising Oxygenated Fuel for Combustion: A Review

“…From Table 1, conclusions can be reached that DMC has lower C/O ratio (0.75) compared to other oxygenated fuels (1.5, 3.75, and 1.13 for ethanol, MTBE, and DMM, respectively), which has effects on the maximum concentrations of intermediate species and soot precursors in rich flames [15,30,31]. Therefore, DMC is more probable to inhabit soot formation than other oxygenated fuels.…”

“…In recent years, it has been recommended as an alternative fuel or oxygenated additive fuel for diesel/gasoline fuel by many researchers [4][5][6][7][8]. DMC has excellent features such as: (1) non-toxic production, environmentally friendly, non-corrosive, and safe handling [9]; (2) high oxygen content, 53.28% by weight, which plays an important role in suppressing the soot precursor concentration in fuel-rich combustion zone through OH radical [10]; (3) 100% miscibility in fossil fuels (diesel and gasoline) [7,11]; (4) relatively high hydrogen to carbon (H/C) ratio [12]; (5) absence of carbon-carbon links in its molecular structure [13]; (6) low boiling point, which is important in spray atomization and mixing [13]; (7) decomposes to form methoxyformyl radical (CH 3 OC=O), which is an intermediate key to reduce soot formation [14]; and (8) low carbon to oxygen (C/O) ratio [15].…”

The influence of dimethoxy methane (DMM)/dimethyl carbonate (DMC) addition on a premixed ethane/oxygen/argon flame

“…interactions. Considerable attention has been paid to this research field with the base fuel ranging from simple compounds like ethane [3], ethylene [4,5], propene [6,7] and 1,3-butadiene [8,9], to larger ones such as heptane [10], benzene [11] and practical diesel fuels [12,13]. It was reported in several engine studies [12,13] that only the oxygen mass fraction of the fuel mixture affects the extent of soot reduction.…”

“…However other considerable studies suggested that the molecular structures of added oxygenates [1,6,14] also influence the extent of soot reduction. Other factors such as the initial C/O ratio [4,5,11] and the content of C-C bonds in fuel mixtures [15] were also suggested to be relevant factors. Unfortunately, the benefit of such a soot reduction by oxygenated additives is achieved at the cost of an undesired and increased emission of toxic oxygenates like aldehydes and ketones [2,6].…”

“…Their great soot-reduction potential can be expected due to their high mass fractions of oxygen (0.42 for DMM and 0.53 for DMC). The combustion kinetics of both DMM and DMC have been investigated in several previous studies [4,5,10,[16][17][18][19], however, the interactions with hydrocarbon fuels need to be further revealed from a perspective of kinetics.…”