Experimental and Numerical Investigation into Failure Modes of Tension Angle Members Connected by One Leg

Abstract

This paper presents the results of experimental and numerical tests on angle members connected by one leg with a single row of bolts. This study was designed to determine which failure mode governs the resistance of such joints: net section rupture or block tearing rupture. Experimental tests were insufficient to completely identify the failure modes, and it was necessary to conduct numerical simulations. Finite element analysis of steel element resistance based on rupture required advanced material modelling, taking into account ductile initiation and propagation of fractures. This was realised using the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman porous material model, which allows for analysis of the joint across the full scope of its behaviour, from unloaded state to failure. Through experimental testing and numerical simulations, both failure mechanisms (net section and block tearing) were examined, and an approach to identify the failure mode was proposed. The obtained results provided experimental and numerical evidence to validate the strength function used in design standards. Finally, the obtained results of the load capacity were compared with the design procedures given in the Eurocode 3′s current and 2021 proposed editions.

Archives of Civil Engineering

“…The shear area was heavily stressed, but no fracture has been observed in this region, only yield bands have occurred (in block tearing failure), similar to 𝐴 𝑛𝑡 ,2 cross section in limited block tearing. All these failure modes were also obtained during experimental study and validation of FE models [19]. Angles connected by a single bolt were treated as separate cases, and their failure mode was not distinguished.…”

“…The properties of the chosen material were based on relevant material tests, from the experimental study conducted [19]. The mean value of the yield stress 𝑓 𝑦 was 288 MPa, and the mean value of the ultimate stress 𝑓 𝑢 was 425 MPa, so such properties conformed to the steel grade S275.…”