Experimental and numerical momentum flux evaluation of high pressure Diesel spray

Postrioti, Lucio; Mariani, Francesco; Battistoni, Michele

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2012.03.043

Cited by 40 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Obviously, the larger the number of the parcels was, the more accurate of the representation for the spray behaviours was [42,43]. Therefore 20 parcels per hole were released at the nozzle exit in each time step in the present study.…”

Section: D Engine Modelmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of injection timing on mixture formation and combustion in an ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI+GPI) engine

Huang

Hong

Huang

2016

Energy

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Ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI+GPI) is a new technology to utilise ethanol fuel more effectively and efficiently in spark-ignition engines by taking the advantages of ethanol fuel and direct injection, such as the cooling effect and anti-knock ability. A full cycle numerical modelling including both port and direct injection sprays was performed to understand the mechanisms behind the experimental results of the EDI+GPI engine. The turbulence-chemistry interaction of the two-fraction-mixture partially premixed combustion was solved by a five-dimensional presumed Probability Density Function table.Effects of direct injection timing on fuel evaporation, mixing, wall-wetting, combustion and emission processes were investigated. The results showed that when the direct injection timing was retarded, the mixture around the spark plug became leaner and the distribution of equivalence ratio became more uneven.Moreover, late direct injection resulted in severe fuel impingement and caused local over-cooling effect and over-rich mixture. Consequently, the combustion speed and temperature were decreased by retarded direct injection timing, leading to reduced NO emission and increased HC and CO emissions. Finally, numerical modelling was performed to investigate the strategy of injecting small amount of ethanol fuel on reducing the fuel impingement and incomplete combustion caused by late direct injection.

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Section: D Engine Modelmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of injection timing on mixture formation and combustion in an ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI+GPI) engine

Huang

Hong

Huang

2016

Energy

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“…The impact force on the target is equal to the momentum flux through the nozzle hole, if the following hypotheses are verified (Postrioti and Battistoni, 2010;Postrioti et al, 2012):…”

Section: Impact Force and Instantaneous Velocity Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic behavior of a spring-powered micronozzle needle-free injector

Schoubben

Cavicchi

Barberini

et al. 2015

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

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“…The transducer sensing face which is impacted by the high pressure fuel jet needed to be resistant to physical and chemical erosion. The Kistler model 9215 force transducer was chosen for this study and has been used in previous work including [16,17,[20][21][22][23]. The force transducer is a pre-loaded, piezoelectric force transducer used for measuring quasi-static and dynamic forces from À20 to 200 N (tension and compression) with the ability to measure loads as small as 1 mN and a natural frequency in excess of 50 kHz.…”

Section: Momentum Flux Measurement Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydraulic characterization of Diesel and water emulsions using momentum flux

Emberson

Ihracska

Imran

et al. 2015

Fuel

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h i g h l i g h t sFuel injection momentum flux was measured using a force transducer. Diesel fuel and Diesel fuel and water emulsions containing 10% and 20% water examined. The mass flow, discharge coefficient, injection velocity and momentum efficiency were evaluated. Emulsion sprays had a lower discharge coefficient and higher injection velocity than the Diesel. The emulsified fuels had a larger momentum efficiency. Diesel and water emulsions have the potential to be used in compression ignition engines to control the emissions of NO x and PM. Very little is known about the influence emulsification will have on the fuel sprays formed during injection. This paper outlines the measurement of the momentum flux of injection sprays of Diesel fuel and Diesel fuel emulsions containing 10% and 20% water, with the goal of hydraulically characterizing the sprays and identifying the influence emulsification may have on them. The momentum flux, mass flow, instantaneous mass flow, discharge coefficient, injection velocity, momentum coefficient and momentum efficiency have been examined. The injections were carried out in a high pressure chamber filled with nitrogen. The measured momentum flux is observed to increase with increasing injection pressure in a linear form. Increasing the ambient density in the chamber resulted in a decrease in the measured momentum flux. The emulsified fuel sprays had a very similar momentum flux as the neat Diesel fuel sprays. The total mass of emulsified fuel injected was less than for neat Diesel at corresponding condition. The instantaneous mass flow rate was determined using a normalized form of the momentum flux measurement and the independently measured total mass injected. The emulsions tended to have a lower discharge coefficient and there is no evidence that the nozzle is cavitating at these conditions. The emulsified fuels have tended to have a higher injection velocity than the neat Diesel fuel sprays. The momentum efficiency is introduced, which uses the instantaneous mass measurement and the theoretical velocity of the spray. The emulsified fuels have a larger momentum efficiency, a result of their high injection velocity compared with the neat Diesel fuel.

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Experimental and numerical momentum flux evaluation of high pressure Diesel spray

Cited by 40 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of injection timing on mixture formation and combustion in an ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI+GPI) engine

Effect of injection timing on mixture formation and combustion in an ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI+GPI) engine

Dynamic behavior of a spring-powered micronozzle needle-free injector

Hydraulic characterization of Diesel and water emulsions using momentum flux

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