Experimental and numerical study of thermocouple-induced perturbations of the methane flame structure

Skovorodko, P. А.; Tereshchenko, A. G.; Knyazkov, D. A.; Paletsky, A. A.; Коробейничев, О. П.

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.10.010

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The values in Kaskan’s formula (eq ) are used at the measured temperature. The dependence of the emissivity of SiO 2 on the temperature is taken from where T g is the temperature of the gas [K], T c is the temperature of the thermocouple junction [K], T w is the temperature of the chamber walls (room temperature) [K], ε is the emissivity of the thermocouple, d is the diameter of the thermocouple [m], σ is the Stefan–Boltzman constant, λ is the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the gas [W/(m·K)], η is the viscosity [Pa·s], ρ is the density [kg/m 3 ], and v is the velocity of the gas [m/s].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decomposition Reactions of Fe(CO)₅, Fe(C₅H₅)₂, and TTIP as Precursors for the Spray-Flame Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Partial Spray Evaporation at Low Temperatures

Gonchikzhapov

Kasper

2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Flame spray pyrolysis is an important method of nanoparticle manufacturing. Reactions of the precursor and the solvent determine which intermediates can contribute to particle formation. To investigate the chemical interaction between the solvent and the precursor during the partial evaporation of the spray preceding ignition, precursor solutions were sprayed into an externally heated flow reactor. The thermal decomposition of the precursors Fe(CO) 5 , Fe(C 5 H 5 ) 2 , and Ti(i-OC 3 H 7 ) 4 in solutions of xylene and ethanol was investigated. Decomposition products were analyzed by mass spectrometry. The relevance of reactions at these low temperatures for the spray-flame process is substantiated by measurements of the spatial temperature distribution of the spray flame. Depending on the relative thermal stabilities of the precursor and the solvent, the less stable component can initiate decomposition of the more stable component, resulting in different reaction patterns of the solutions. The results are discussed with regard to their potential influence on particle formation pathways.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Viscosity, density, and thermal conductivity at the actual temperature were calculated using a polynomial equation based on the nitrogen gas tables. The temperature dependence for the emissivity of SiO 2 was taken from ref . The flow velocity used for the radiation correction is 0.5 m/s.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decomposition Reactions of Fe(CO)₅, Fe(C₅H₅)₂, and TTIP as Precursors for the Spray-Flame Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Partial Spray Evaporation at Low Temperatures

Gonchikzhapov

Kasper

2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The radiation correction for the flame temperature readings is calculated by the formula proposed by Collis and Williams . As all the thermocouples used in the experiments have been coated with SiO 2 layer of 10 μm in thickness, to calculate the correction coefficient, the emissivity of silicon dioxide, as provided in Skovorodko et al, is used. To determine the temperature gradients in the vertical flame temperature profiles (for the set position in relation to the pool center along the horizontal axis), a derivative with respect to the height is taken for the fuel surface.…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the effects of ullage during the burning of horizontal PMMA and MMA surfaces

et al. 2019

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Summary Experimental and numerical investigations of burning of horizontal surfaces of poly methyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate are presented. A burner used in this study allows for the fuel surface to be oriented horizontally at a given distance from the burner rim. One of the aims of this study is to understand the effects of ullage (distance between burner rim and fuel surface) on the burning rate of the fuel and the flame structure. In the case of poly methyl methacrylate, the surface at an initial ullage regresses during its burning, and in the case of methyl methacrylate, the pool level is maintained at the given ullage by supplying the fuel at the rate of its burning. Careful repeatable measurements of temperature and species fields are carried out. These reveal the structure of a small‐scale pool flame established over a polymeric fluid such as methyl methacrylate, and such data are scarce in literature. In order to complement the experimental results, fire dynamics simulator is employed to simulate the experimental cases. Flame structure and flow field in the gas phase have been presented and discussed. As the ullage increases, the burning rate decreases. This trend is explained using surface convective heat flux results.

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“…Temperature profiles measured using thermocouples and spectroscopic techniques could also diverge significantly (Kasper et al 2009a, b). Moreover, thermocouples induce perturbation of the flame structure showing incorrect readings, especially in the region of high temperature gradient that is in the flame front (Skovorodko et al 2012).…”

Section: Temperature Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame Studies of Oxygenates

Nilsson

Konnov

2013

Cleaner Combustion

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This chapter presents a comprehensive review of flame studies performed on oxygenated hydrocarbons or oxygenates of general formula C x H y O z . In particular those studies in which the authors have measured laminar flame speeds or have concentrated on speciation in flames. It is the first time that such tabulation is performed and summarizes the work carried out since the 1950s. In addition, the methods employed in determining flame speeds are outlined and their strengths and weaknesses highlighted. In a similar fashion the various diagnostic methods for measuring species concentrations in situ are reviewed. were focused on extension of the list of detectible species and on the achievements in quantitative measurements. In most cases, spectroscopic techniques were tested in flames of methane and other conventional fuels, yet flames of oxygenated species were also visited (Desgroux et al. 1994). 240

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Experimental and numerical study of thermocouple-induced perturbations of the methane flame structure

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Decomposition Reactions of Fe(CO)₅, Fe(C₅H₅)₂, and TTIP as Precursors for the Spray-Flame Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Partial Spray Evaporation at Low Temperatures

Decomposition Reactions of Fe(CO)₅, Fe(C₅H₅)₂, and TTIP as Precursors for the Spray-Flame Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Partial Spray Evaporation at Low Temperatures

A study of the effects of ullage during the burning of horizontal PMMA and MMA surfaces

Flame Studies of Oxygenates

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Experimental and numerical study of thermocouple-induced perturbations of the methane flame structure

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Decomposition Reactions of Fe(CO)5, Fe(C5H5)2, and TTIP as Precursors for the Spray-Flame Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Partial Spray Evaporation at Low Temperatures

Decomposition Reactions of Fe(CO)5, Fe(C5H5)2, and TTIP as Precursors for the Spray-Flame Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Partial Spray Evaporation at Low Temperatures

A study of the effects of ullage during the burning of horizontal PMMA and MMA surfaces

Flame Studies of Oxygenates

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Product

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About

Decomposition Reactions of Fe(CO)₅, Fe(C₅H₅)₂, and TTIP as Precursors for the Spray-Flame Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Partial Spray Evaporation at Low Temperatures

Decomposition Reactions of Fe(CO)₅, Fe(C₅H₅)₂, and TTIP as Precursors for the Spray-Flame Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Partial Spray Evaporation at Low Temperatures