Experimental and Simulation Studies of Steam-Propane Injection for the Hamaca and Duri Fields

Mamora, Daulat Debataraja; Rivero, Jose A.; Hendroyono, Arief; Venturini, G.

doi:10.2118/84201-ms

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The simulation is run to analyze how the production rate and recovery factor differ in each case carried out and to determine the optimum results [7,8]. The simulation is run under the assumption of continuous injection, which indicates that the steam will be injected continuously from the start until the end of the specified time, using the inverted fivespot model scheme (1 injection well, 4 production wells) as an initial base model [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steam-Propane Injection Simulation for Heavy Oil

Pramana

Ramdhani

2022

Journal of Earth Energy Science, Engineering, and Technology

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This research is about Steam-Propane Injection Simulation for Heavy Oil with the aim of simulating steam-propane EOR to increase oil recovery, then knowing the effect of different injection rates and being able to describe the best scenario of each different injection. The method used is reservoir modeling using CMG STARS software. The results show that for production that only relies on natural depletion (primary recovery) for 10 years of production, only 7% recovery from OOIP is obtained and when steam-propane injection is added, oil recovery is 60-70%. For the use of different injection rates, it is known that the higher the injection rate, the faster it will reach peak production and an increase in oil recovery. The best recovery method in this case is scenario case 4 with steam-propane injection with horizontal production wells. The advantage of using additional propane injection is to accelerate peak production and increase the recovery factor.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steam-Propane Injection Simulation for Heavy Oil

Pramana

Ramdhani

2022

Journal of Earth Energy Science, Engineering, and Technology

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“…They also recovered about 99% of the injected propane at the end of the SA-SAGD process through the blow-down stage. Use of propane as the light hydrocarbon additive in the steam phase was well-studied in the literature. − According to these studies, a preliminary start-up stage was conducted in which superheated steam injection resulted in creation of a limited hot region, especially at the proximity of the injection well. This preliminary injection procedure reduced the start-up duration of the process.…”

Section: Literature Review Of Sa-sagd Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pore-Level Investigation of Heavy Oil and Bitumen Recovery Using Solvent −Aided Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SA-SAGD) Process

Mohammadzadeh¹,

Rezaei²,

Chatzis³

2010

Energy Fuels

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Attempts have been made to reduce the energy requirements of steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) projects through coupled thermal and solvent processes (i.e., hybrid SAGD). The augmented process brings superior features to the SAGD process in terms of reduced energy requirement, enhanced produced oil quality, and also improved oil recoveries. The pore-level recovery mechanisms of the hybrid SAGD process have not been investigated yet. The main objective of this paper is to visually investigate and to document the pore-scale events during the hybrid SAGD process using glass micromodel type of porous media. Different additives (npentane and n-hexane) were added to steam prior to injecting into the models. Experiments were conducted in an inverted-bell vacuum chamber to reduce the excessive heat loss to the surroundings. The results indicate that the gravity drainage process takes place through a layer of pores composed of 1-5 pores in thickness, in the direction perpendicular to the nominal oil-gaseous mixture interface, in the mobilized region. The interplay between gravity and capillary forces results in the drainage of the mobilized oil. The visualization results demonstrated the coexistence of water-in-oil and solvent-in-water emulsification at the interface because of the local condensation of both steam and the vaporized solvent. The extent of emulsification depends directly on the temperature gradient between the gaseous mixture and the mobile oil phase. Asphaltene precipitation was also observed when the condensed solvent reached the bitumen interface. As the nature of the process involves partially miscible displacements, the extent of film-flow drainage of the mobilized oil was also significant. Other pore-scale phenomena include localized entrapment of steam and vaporized solvent followed by condensation, snap-off of liquid films, steam and solvent vapor condensation at the interface because of the temperature gradient and capillary instabilities.

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“…In the ES-SAGD process, the solvent is injected with steam in a vapor phase to reduce the steam requirement. The condensed solvent around the interface of the steam chamber dilutes the oil and, in conjunction with heat, reduces its viscosity. − However, ES-SAGD needs both solvent and steam disposal facility. With the increase of steam requirement, the CapEx of ES-SAGD exceeds that of SAGD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Comparative Investigation of Hot Solvent/Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage in Oil Sand Reservoirs

Bai

Liu

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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Hot solvent-assisted gravity drainage (HS-AGD) is an effective way to exploit oil sands and heavy oil both economically and environmentally. The visualized microscopic seepage experiments and two-dimensional (2-D) macroscopic simulation experiments of HS-AGD are carried out, and the results are compared with that of steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) in detail for the first time in order to compare their development effects of the oil sand reservoir. MacKay River oil sand bitumen is taken as an oil sample in the experiments, with n -hexane as the solvent. Micro seepage characteristics of the hot solvent and steam and the remaining oil distribution of the solvent and steam drive are investigated through microseepage experiments. The expanding process of the solvent/steam chamber and production performance of HS-SAGD and SAGD are investigated through macrosimulation experiments. The study found that the sweep efficiency of hot solvent is higher than that of steam at the same temperature due to the small interfacial tension between the condensed solvent and heated bitumen. Due to the severe gravity segregation, the steam accumulated at the top of the model during the 2-D physical simulation experiment, which results in the huge heat loss at the top of the model. The temperature of the steam chamber is significantly lower than that of the solvent chamber. The oil recovery of 200 °C hot solvent vapor is twice as much as that of 300 °C steam owing to the different drainage mechanisms of the HS-AGD and SAGD. In SAGD, only heat transfer reduces the viscosity of oil sand bitumen. The components of oil produced in SAGD have little difference compared with that of the original bitumen. In HS-AGD, both mass transfer and the sensible heat transfer reduce the viscosity of oil sand bitumen. The in situ asphaltene precipitation induced by heated-solvent extraction also upgrades the bitumen. The results of component analysis show that in HS-AGD, the content of heavy components in the oil sand bitumen is obviously reduced. This paper aims to reveal the oil drainage mechanism of HS-AGD and SAGD from the macroscopic and microscopic view and to provide theoretical guidance for the field application of this technology.

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Experimental and Simulation Studies of Steam-Propane Injection for the Hamaca and Duri Fields

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Steam-Propane Injection Simulation for Heavy Oil

Steam-Propane Injection Simulation for Heavy Oil

Pore-Level Investigation of Heavy Oil and Bitumen Recovery Using Solvent −Aided Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SA-SAGD) Process

Experimental Comparative Investigation of Hot Solvent/Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage in Oil Sand Reservoirs

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