Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Mass Transfer during Leaching of Starch and Protein from Potato

Abstract

In this article, mass transfer during leaching of starch and protein from potato using water as the solvent was investigated. Leaching experiments were carried out by immersion of slab-shaped potato samples in distilled water at 30 C, 45 C, and 55 C, and amounts of starch and protein loss, and moisture gain by the samples were evaluated at different process duration times. A two-parameter model was proposed for prediction of the kinetics of mass transfer and also estimation of the final equilibrium values of solutes loss and moisture gain by the samples. Effective diffusivities of solutes and moisture were estimated by fitting the experimental data of solute loss and moisture gain to the analytical solution of Fick's second law of diffusion. Moisture, starch, and protein distributions into the potatoes were predicted as a function of time and location into the samples. Mean relative errors (MREs) between the predicted concentrations by the proposed models and experimental data were in the ranges of 0.037-0.104 and 0.063-0.205 for the two-parameter model and the analytical solution, respectively. Estimated equilibrium solute losses were between 0.922 and 1.549 (g=100 g fresh fruit) for protein and between 10.893 and 11.848 (g=100 g fresh fruit) for starch. Also equilibrium water gain (WG) was in the range of 35.842-46.296 (g=100 g fresh fruit). Effective diffusivities were estimated in the range of 1.334-1.817 Â 10 À10 m 2 =s for moisture and 1.070-1.893 Â 10 À10 m 2 =s for solutes.

A Mechanistic Model of Mass Transfer in the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Intact Sorghum Pericarp

“…Under these conditions, the product's concentration in the extract rises relatively fast at the early stage of the extraction process and then gradually slows down. It is expected that the value will become constant as the process approaches equilibrium [42].…”

Method for determining the mass conductivity coefficient of wood when extracting biologically active substances from it

“…The removal of extractive substances from plant materials is a mass transfer process that occurs in "solid-liquid" system, which requires taking into account the capillary-porous structure of the material [4]. To date, there are a large number of scientific papers devoted to the study of the processes regularities of extractive substances removal from wood raw materials, various approaches to mathematical description of processes and determination of diffusion and mass transfer coefficients [5][6][7][8].…”

Modeling the Kinetics of Potassium Diffusion in Estima Potato under Different Leaching Conditions

“…Changes in the microstructure of food material during processing significantly affect solute mass transfer. Whilst some studies have reported that diffusion through a solid matrix is impossible and that diffusion only occurs in the liquid contained in the matrix or via the gas phase [ 22 ], others contend that diffusion through cellular walls and membranes does actually occur [ 24 , 25 ]. Potato tissues act as a physiological barrier to mass and heat transfers, but by heating above 50°C, the cell walls and membranes acting as an ultrafiltration membrane break down.…”