Experimental and theoretical investigations of the copper–lead–germanate glasses

Anomalies of some physical properties and electrochemical performance of lithium–lead–germanate glasses

“…Fig. 2 shows that the IR band situated at about 715 cm −1 is assigned to Ge-O-Ge stretching vibrations in [GeO 6 ] structural units while the band centered at about 800 cm −1 is identified as due to vibrations of the Ge-O bonds in the [GeO 4 ] structural units [12][13][14][15]. The bands located at about 950 and 1050 cm −1 are assigned to the Ge-O-Ge and Ge-O stretching vibrations in [GeO 4 ] structural units.…”

Structural and optical properties in gadolinium–aluminum–lead-germanate quaternary glasses

“…1) [3,4,15,16]. While the 550-670 cm − 1 region bands are attributed to the stretching modes of both Ge-O-Ge and Pb-O bonds, the IR absorption bands situated at about 520 cm − 1 are found to arise from the symmetric stretching modes of Ge-O-Ge bonds associated with three-membered [GeO 4 ] rings in the glass network [3,4].…”

“…Recently, attention has been directed to lead germanate glasses [3,4]. Heavy metal oxide glasses having large lead fractions are attractive candidates for the production of optical waveguides for low loss communications in the near-mid infrared region of the spectrum, more efficient lasers, amplifiers and nonlinear devices [5,6].…”

“…The additional oxygen may either be incorporated into the network as non-bridging oxygen by breaking oxygen bridges, or it may be incorporated by the conversion of germanium atoms from a lower coordination to a higher coordination which shows the conversion of a [GeO 4 ] into a [GeO 6 ] structural unit [3,4]. On the other hand, the local structure around Pb + 2 ions in several glasses has been studied, but its role on the structure has not been definitely established [7][8][9][10].…”

FTIR, Raman, and UV-Vis spectroscopic and DFT investigations of the structure of iron–lead–tellurate glasses

“…Similar methodology has previously been reported to study other glasses [30][31][32][33][34]. The study on structural modifications of the vitreous network and the equilibrium geometry were found by optimization (Fig.…”