Experimental and thermomechanical study on FSW of PMMA polymer T-joint

Elyasi, Majid; Derazkola, Hamed Aghajani

doi:10.1007/s00170-018-1847-7

Cited by 67 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…It has been recognized by several researchers that the weldability and strength of the weld largely depend on this parameter. 33,34 Therefore, to investigate and optimize the effect of this parameter on the strength of the parts welded, the same was considered.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations on friction stir joining of 3D printed parts to overcome bed size limitation and enhance joint quality for unmanned aircraft systems

Tiwary

Ravi

Arunkumar

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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3D printing technology is making its mark in automotive, aerospace, and bio-medical-related industries. It is considered a viable option for the direct manufacturing of final parts. However, it is not possible to print longer parts in a single attempt due to the bed size limitation of printers. This problem can be addressed by employing a polymer joining technique as a secondary operation. Moreover, low mechanical strength and inferior geometrical qualities like the flatness of the joined parts restrict its real-time industrial application. Here, an attempt is made to join a longer part (typical of an aircraft wing) using friction stir welding technique. Joining was performed on 3D printed similar/dissimilar thermoplastic parts. Tensile test results showed that friction stir welding of 3D printed parts (for both similar/dissimilar) produced relatively weaker joints compared to the base material. Various important process parameters of 3D printing and friction stir welding technique, namely part infill percentage, material combination, tool rotational speed, traverse speed, and tool pin taper angle were optimized by means of ANOVA. Optimization was aimed at maximizing the weld strength, elongation, hardness, and desired flatness. The results suggested that the material combination and tool pin taper angle play a significant role in the weld's strength as well as its geometric properties (flatness). The results were validated by adopting the optimized parameters for successful joining of the wing section of an unmanned aerial vehicle. A span of 320 mm, with a metrological acceptable flatness value of 0.41 µ/m could be successfully achieved on an existing 3D printer whose bed size limit was 240 mm.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations on friction stir joining of 3D printed parts to overcome bed size limitation and enhance joint quality for unmanned aircraft systems

Tiwary

Ravi

Arunkumar

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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“…8 To increase the mechanical efficacy of FSW joints, researchers investigated FSW tool rotational and traveling velocity on high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polycarbonate (PC), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) to find the defects of free joint with highest tensile strength. 9–13 In order to achieve better material flow of polymeric FSW joints, some researches were done by preheating the joint line, using stationary aluminum shoulder which is sometimes called “shoe” and stationary heated shoe for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene (PE) and ABS. 14–16 The effects of tool pin profile and threaded pin were also investigated on ABS, polyamide 6, polypropylene (PP) and PMMA.…”

Section: Friction Stir Welding Tool Plunge Depth Tool Tilt Angle Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the effects of tool tile angle, offset and plunge depth on friction stir welding of poly(methyl methacrylate) T-joint

Eyvazian

Derazkola

Elyasi

2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B:

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The effects of tilt angle (TTA), plunge depth (TPD) and offset (TO) of tool in friction stir welding of poly(methyl methacrylate) T-joint were investigated. To understand better the effects of process parameter, thermomechanical simulation of joint was assessed. The results seem to show that at higher TPD and TTA, frictional heat increases. Woven tissue structure joint line forms after friction stir welding of poly(methyl methacrylate) sheets. The distance of woven layers was affected by TPD and TTA, while TO do not significantly affect heat generation of joint. The best material flow and adequate heat are generated at 0 mm TA, 2° TTA and 0.2 mm TPD, respectively. The highest flexural and tensile strength of friction stir welded joint were approximately 93% and 90% of as-received poly(methyl methacrylate), respectively. Crack forking was detected on the fractured surface of flexural samples and crack path was detected in the vicinity of shrinkage holes at fracture surface of tensile samples. These holes and degradation of poly(methyl methacrylate) during friction stir welding process decrease strength and hardness of the joint.

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“…The workpieces are intermixed mechanically by the traverse movement of the tool along the joint line, and mechanical pressure forms the smooth material [ 10 , 11 ]. At first, the FSW process was used for aluminum alloys [ 6 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]; however over time, the capacity and potential of FSW proved that this method could be employed not only for aluminum alloys, but also for other purposes such as joining of similar and dissimilar polymeric and metallic materials [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. One of the useful structures that can be made by FSW is a steel-aluminum dissimilar joint [ 12 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Rapid Cooling on Properties of Aluminum-Steel Friction Stir Welded Joint

et al. 2021

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In this study, dissimilar sheets including AA3003 aluminum and A441 AISI steel were welded via cooling-assisted friction stir welding (FSW). Three different cooling mediums including forced CO2, forced water, and forced air were employed, and a non-cooled sample was processed to compare the cooling-assisted condition with the traditional FSW condition. The highest cooling rate belongs to CO2 and the lowest cooling rate belongs to the non-cooled sample as FSW. The best macrograph without any segregation at interface belongs to the water-cooled sample and the poorest joint with notable segregation belongs to the CO2 cooling FSW sample. The CO2 cooling FSW sample exhibits the smallest grain size due to the suppression of grain growth during dynamic recrystallization (DRX). The intermetallic compound (IMC) thickening was suppressed by a higher cooling rate in CO2 cooling sample and just Al-rich phase was formed in this joint. The lowest cooling rate in the FSW sample exhibits formation of the Fe rich phase. The IMC layers were thicker at the top of the weld due to closeness with the heat generation source. The water cooling sample exhibits the highest tensile strength due to proper mechanical bonding simultaneously with optimum IMC thickness to provide appropriate metallurgical bonding. Fractography observation indicates that there is a semi-ductile fracture in the water cooling sample and CO2 cooling sample exhibits more brittle fracture. Hardness evaluation reveals that the higher the cooling rate formed, the higher the hardness in stir zone, and hardness changes in the aluminum side were higher than the steel side.

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Experimental and thermomechanical study on FSW of PMMA polymer T-joint

Cited by 67 publications

References 33 publications

Investigations on friction stir joining of 3D printed parts to overcome bed size limitation and enhance joint quality for unmanned aircraft systems

Investigations on friction stir joining of 3D printed parts to overcome bed size limitation and enhance joint quality for unmanned aircraft systems

Study on the effects of tool tile angle, offset and plunge depth on friction stir welding of poly(methyl methacrylate) T-joint

Effects of Rapid Cooling on Properties of Aluminum-Steel Friction Stir Welded Joint

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