Experimental aspects of geoneutrino detection: Status and perspectives

Smirnov, O.

doi:10.1016/j.ppnp.2019.103712

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 218 publications

(446 reference statements)

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“…The decay of long-lived natural radioactive isotopes in the Earth, notably 238 U, 232 Th and 40 K, produce an MeV-range ν e flux exceeding 10 25 s −1 [153][154][155][156][157][158][159]. As these "geoneutrinos" are actually antineutrinos they can be detected despite the large solar neutrino flux in the same energy range.…”

Section: Geoneutrinosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grand Unified Neutrino Spectrum at Earth: Sources and Spectral Components

Vitagliano,

Tamborra,

Raffelt

2019

Preprint

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We briefly review the dominant neutrino fluxes at Earth from different sources and present the Grand Unified Neutrino Spectrum ranging from meV to PeV energies. For each energy band and source, we discuss both theoretical expectations and experimental data. This compact review should be useful as a brief reference to those interested in neutrino astronomy, fundamental particle physics, dark-matter detection, high-energy astrophysics, geophysics, and other related topics.

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Section: Geoneutrinosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grand Unified Neutrino Spectrum at Earth: Sources and Spectral Components

Vitagliano,

Tamborra,

Raffelt

2019

Preprint

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“…Theia-25 will provide the first high-statistics measurement of geoneutrinos in North America: 220 +30 −24 (stat+syst) events per year. Due to variations of the crust thickness, the geoneutrino flux measurements at different geographical locations will help separate a much less position-dependent mantle contribution [67] (stat+syst). We obtain (Th/U) = 4.3 ± 3.4 after one year of data taking, and within ten years, the relative precision of the (Th/U) mass ratio will be reduced to 15%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geo- and reactor antineutrino sensitivity at THEIA

et al. 2022

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We present the sensitivity of the Theia experiment to low-energy geo- and reactor antineutrinos. For this study, we consider one of the possible proposed designs, a 17.8-ktonne fiducial volume Theia-25 detector filled with water-based liquid scintillator placed at Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF). We demonstrate Theia’s sensitivity to measure the geo- and reactor antineutrinos via inverse-beta decay interactions after one year of data taking with $$11.9 \times 10^{32}$$ 11.9 × 10 32 free target protons. Considering all uncertainties on input throughout the whole analysis chain, the expected number of geo- and reactor antineutrinos is $$220\,^{+30}_{-24}$$ 220 - 24 + 30 (stats+syst) and $$168\,^{+26}_{-24}$$ 168 - 24 + 26 (stat+sys), respectively, after one year of data taking. The corresponding expected fit precision of a sole experiment is evaluated at 8.7% and 10.1%, respectively. We also demonstrate the sensitivity towards fitting individual Th and U contributions, with best fit values of $$N_\text {Th}=40^{+26}_{-22}$$ N Th = 40 - 22 + 26 (stat+sys) and $$N_\text {U}=180^{+30}_{-24}$$ N U = 180 - 24 + 30 (stat+sys). Finally, from the fit results of individual Th and U contributions, we evaluate the mantle signal to be $$S_\text {mantle} = 9.3\,\pm [5.2,5.4]$$ S mantle = 9.3 ± [ 5.2 , 5.4 ] NIU (stat+sys). This was obtained assuming a full-range positive correlation ($$\rho _c\in [0, 1]$$ ρ c ∈ [ 0 , 1 ] ) between Th and U, and the projected uncertainties on the crust contributions of 8.3% (Th) and 7.0% (U).

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“…Furthermore, the detectors successfully measured various kinds of neutrinos, such as solar, reactor, and extraterrestrial neutrinos. However, we do not have the technology to track the direction of incoming neutrinos at present due to the high misidentification in the neutrino's track reconstruction [206,207]. A direction-sensitive detector could map out the U and Th distribution inside the Earth and could be able resolve crust vs mantle contributions.…”

Section: Directionalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Geoneutrinos and geoscience: an intriguing joint-venture

et al. 2021

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The review is conceived to provide a useful toolbox to understand present geoneutrino results with a view to shed light on Earth's energetics and composition. The status of the geoneutrino field is presented starting from the comprehension of their production, propagation, and detection, and going on with the experimental and technological features of the Borexino and KamLAND ongoing experiments. The current understanding of the energetical, geophysical and geochemical traits of our planet is examined in a critical analysis of the currently available models. By combining theoretical models and experimental results, the mantle geoneutrino signal extracted from the results of the two experiments demonstrates the effectiveness in investigating deep earth radioactivity through geoneutrinos from different sites. The obtained results are discussed and framed in the puzzle of the diverse classes of formulated Bulk Silicate Earth models, analyzing their implications on planetary heat budget and composition. As final remarks, we turn our gaze to the prospects in the field of geoneutrinos presenting the expectations of experiments envisaged for the next decade and the engaging technological challenges foreseen. List of symbols a(K) XAbundance of potassium in the reservoir X (ng g −1 or mg g −1 ) a(Th) X Abundance of uranium in the reservoir X (ng g −1 or mg g −1 )B G. Bellini

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Experimental aspects of geoneutrino detection: Status and perspectives

Cited by 9 publications

References 218 publications

Grand Unified Neutrino Spectrum at Earth: Sources and Spectral Components

Grand Unified Neutrino Spectrum at Earth: Sources and Spectral Components

Geo- and reactor antineutrino sensitivity at THEIA

Geoneutrinos and geoscience: an intriguing joint-venture

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