Experimental assessment of cardiovascular physiology in the chick embryo

Abstract

High resolution assessment of cardiac functional parameters is crucial in translational animal research. The chick embryo is a historically well‐used in vivo model for cardiovascular research due to its many practical advantages, and the conserved form and function of the chick and human cardiogenesis programs. This review aims to provide an overview of several different technical approaches for chick embryo cardiac assessment. Doppler echocardiography, optical coherence tomography, micromagnetic resonance imaging, microparticle image velocimetry, real‐time pressure monitoring, and associated issues with the techniques will be discussed. Alongside this discussion, we also highlight recent advances in cardiac function measurements in chick embryos.

Non-invasive laser speckle imaging of extra-embryonic blood vessels in intact few-days-old avian eggs

“…The first is to culture the entire embryo outside the egg in vitro 5,6 . The second is to cut a hole in the eggshell, remove the protective membrane, and substitute it with a transparent window to access the embryo in ovo 7,8 . Common high resolution imaging techniques that can be used to image the exposed CAM include white light imaging 3 , fluorescence or confocal microscopy 4 and optical coherence tomography 9,10 .…”

Predicting Valproate-Induced Liver Injury Using Metabolomic Analysis of Ex Ovo Chick Embryo Allantoic Fluid

“…For several years now, the chick embryo and its chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) have gained interest in various sectors including developmental biology and toxicological studies [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Chick embryo usually develops in 21 days in a process that can be suspended by keeping the fertilized egg at 10 to 15 °C and resumed by incubating the egg at 37 °C [ 8 ].…”