EXPERIMENTAL Brucella suis TYPE 4 INFECTIONS IN DOMESTIC AND WILD ALASKAN CARNIVORES

Neiland, Kenneth A.; Miller, Lawrence G.

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-17.2.183

Cited by 22 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…No growth was achieved from blood or urine in a dog from which semen samples were repeatedly culture‐positive for B. suis and no growth was achieved from the urine of another dog that was organ culture positive . Similarly, in three experimentally infected Beagles, B. canis could not be isolated from urine, faeces or blood, although viscera were culture‐positive at necropsy 30 days after exposure . Brucella suis has only been cultured from a handful of canine cases in NSW, including from epidural tissues (case 1), testes and carpal joint fluid …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Clinical management ofBrucella suisinfection in dogs and implications for public health

James¹,

Golovsky²,

Thornton³

et al. 2017

Aust Veterinary J

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Background Brucellosis caused by Brucella suis is a notifiable disease that has recently emerged in dogs in New South Wales (NSW). Given the potential for zoonotic transmission, euthanasia of affected dogs is recommended, but this action is not mandatory. We report the clinical management of three dogs that underwent treatment at their owners’ request. Case reports A 14‐month‐old spayed female crossbreed originally obtained from an urban animal shelter underwent extensive investigations in 2011–12 for lameness and back pain, culminating in decompressive laminectomy. Diagnosis of multifocal discospondylitis and spinal empyema was made, with B. suis cultured from surgical biopsy specimens. The dog responded to long‐term treatment using rifampicin and doxycycline. A second case of B. suis infection was diagnosed in January 2016 in a 3‐year‐old crossbreed pig‐hunting dog with unilateral testicular enlargement. Following serological diagnosis the dog was given preliminary therapy using rifampicin and doxycycline, the affected testis was resected and the patient given a further month of combination therapy. In March 2016 a 7‐year‐old crossbreed pig‐hunting dog with brucellosis was handled similarly, although both testes were removed. Conclusion Brucellosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of back pain, discospondylitis, lameness, abortion, prostatic abscessation and testicular/epididymal enlargement in dogs, especially if there is exposure to feral pigs or consumption of uncooked feral pig meat. Euthanasia is the only guarantee of reducing the public health risk to zero. However, where treatment is desired by the owner, combination therapy using rifampicin and doxycycline appears to be effective, when combined with surgical resection of infected tissues. Further monitoring of dogs during and after treatment is required to document cure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Clinical management ofBrucella suisinfection in dogs and implications for public health

James¹,

Golovsky²,

Thornton³

et al. 2017

Aust Veterinary J

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“…Grizzly bears, black bears and gravid wolves have been shown experimentally to be susceptible to B suis type 4 in contaminated food and to produce an antibody response (Neiland and Miller 1981). Ringed and bearded seals are the major prey of polar bears (Mauritzen and others 2001) and Brucella species have been reported in Arctic seals (Nielsen and others 1996, Forbes and others 2000, strongly suggesting that the seropositive polar bears had been exposed to species of Brucella.…”

Section: Papers and Articlesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Serosurvey of selected zoonotic agents in polar bears (Ursus maritimus)

Rah¹,

Chomel²,

Follmann³

et al. 2005

Veterinary Record

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Between 1982 and 1999 blood samples were collected from 500 polar bears (Ursus maritimus) captured in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas, to determine the seroprevalence of Brucella species, Toxoplasma gondii, and Trichinella species infections. The bears were classified into four age groups, cubs, yearlings, subadults and adults. Brucella and Toxoplasma antibodies were detected by agglutination (a buffered acidified card antigen and rapid automated presumptive test for brucellosis and a commercial latex agglutination test for toxoplasmosis); an ELISA was used to detect Trichinella antibodies. The overall seroprevalence of Brucella species was 5 per cent, and subadults and yearlings were 2-62 times (95 per cent confidence interval 1.02 to 6.82) more likely to be seropositive for Brucella species than adults and their cubs. The antibody prevalence for Toxoplasma gondii was 6 per cent, and for Trichinella species 55.6 per cent. The prevalence of antibodies to Trichinella species increased with age (P<0.001).

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“…Clinical signs of B. abortus in dogs vary from mild fever to orchitis and testicular atrophy with shedding of organisms in urine [95][96][97]. Dogs experimentally infected with B. suis were reported afebrile and asymptomatic without gross lesions [98], but in natural conditions hindlimb weakness, large and firm epididymitis was observed associated to oligospermia and increased number of neutrophils in semen [99] similar to what was observed in B. canis infection.…”

Section: Brucellosis In Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Manifestations of Brucellosis in Domestic Animals and Humans

Megid¹,

Mathias²,

Robles³

2010

TOVSJ

108

106

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Brucellosis in domestic animals is a chronic disease that is characterized mainly by reproductive signs in cattle, buffaloes, pigs, sheep, goats and dogs. In females the disease is characterized by abortion, placenta retention, vaginal secretions, low fertility rate and also embryonic and neonatal death. In males, regular findings include epididymitis, orchitis, uni-or bilateral testicular atrophy, sperm abnormalities and infertility. Lymphadenopathy, hepatopathy, splenomegaly, uveitis and discospondylitis may also be observed in dogs. In horses, the typical clinical sign is characterized by a granulomatous supraspinous or supra-atlantal bursa lesion. Infected animals can also be asymptomatic. Infected symptomatic or asymptomatic animals represent an important source of infection to other animals and humans. Brucellosis in humans can cause undulant fever, malaise, insomnia, anorexia, headache, arthralgia, constipation, sexual impotence, nervousness and depression. For all species the presentation of clinical signs are only suggestive of disease infection and thus must be differentiated from other diseases.

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EXPERIMENTAL Brucella suis TYPE 4 INFECTIONS IN DOMESTIC AND WILD ALASKAN CARNIVORES

Cited by 22 publications

References 3 publications

Clinical management ofBrucella suisinfection in dogs and implications for public health

Clinical management ofBrucella suisinfection in dogs and implications for public health

Serosurvey of selected zoonotic agents in polar bears (Ursus maritimus)

Clinical Manifestations of Brucellosis in Domestic Animals and Humans

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