Experimental Characterization Techniques for Solid-Liquid Slurry Flows in Pipelines: A Review

Abstract

In industrial environments, having instrumentation able to attain fast, accurate, and autonomous measurements is pivotal to understanding the dynamics of liquid and particles during transport. Ideally, these instruments, consisting of either probes or sensors, should be robust, fast, and unintrusive, i.e., not cause interference on the very flows being monitored, and require minimal maintenance. Beyond monitoring, the process knowledge gained through real time inspection allows teams to make informed technical decisions based on particle behavior, i.e., settling of particles causing pipe wear and clustering or blockages that can damage the unit or cause shutdowns, both of which with economical drawbacks. The purpose of this review is to examine experimental measurement techniques used to characterize physical properties and operational parameters of solid-liquid slurry flows, focusing on non-ionizing radiation methods. With this text the intent is not to provide an exhaustive examination of each individual technique but rather an overview on the most pertinent types of instrumentation, which will be presented, in addition to application examples from the literature, while directing the reader for pertinent seminal and review papers for a more in-depth analysis.

Effect of the Solid Particle Diameter on Frictional Loss and Heat Exchange in a Turbulent Slurry Flow: Experiments and Predictions in a Vertical Pipe

“…Comparing the right-hand side of Equation ( 18) with the right-hand side of Equation ( 20) and including (19), one can write:…”

“…Running the flow requires degassing the slurry, determining the settling velocity to avoid flow blockages, keeping a constant temperature, determining the mass of the solid particles delivered, and finally, proper measurement instruments and control and monitoring systems. Measurement instruments can be intrusive or non-intrusive [18,19]. Intrusive methods have limitations because measurements at high concentrations of the solid phase result in the risk of damage or contamination of the probe.…”