Experimental Determination and Thermodynamic Model of Solid–Liquid Equilibria in the Ternary System (LiCl + CaCl<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O) at 273.15 K

Wang, Xia; Zhao, Kaiyu; Guo, Yafei; Deng, Tianlong; Meng, Lingzong

doi:10.1021/acs.jced.8b00777

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The mixed solution system was considered to reach equilibrium when the adjacent sampling analyses of the same sample were within 0.3%. Once equilibrium was achieved, the stirring was stopped, allowing the sample to form a clear upper liquid layer and a lower solid phase . The upper clear liquid was then extracted to determine the liquid phase composition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Pb²⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺//Cl^––H₂O Quaternary System and Its Subsystems at 303.2 K

Liu,

Hou,

Yang

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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were investigated at atmospheric pressure and T = 303.2 K using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. Additionally, solid phase equilibria of the quaternary system Pb 2+ , Mg 2+ , and Ca 2+ //Cl − −H 2 O were determined, and the corresponding stable phase diagrams and density-composition diagrams were constructed. The results indicate that the phase diagrams of Pb 2+ , Ca 2+ //Cl − −H 2 O mainly consist of a ternary invariant point, two solubility curves, and four crystalline regions, while there are two ternary invariant points, three solubility curves, and six crystalline regions in the Pb 2+ , Mg 2+ //Cl − −H 2 O and Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ //Cl − −H 2 O systems. The results of the density-versus-w(CaCl 2 ) plots of the various ternary systems confirm that the density of the equilibrium solution tends to go upward with the increase in the mass fraction of CaCl 2 . The density of various ternary systems reaches the maximum and equilibrium at the corresponding invariant point, and there is no significant change with the further increase in the CaCl 2 mass fraction. Furthermore, the phase diagram of the Pb 2+ , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ //Cl − −H 2 O quaternary system includes two invariant points, five isothermal dissolution curves, and five crystalline regions. The order of the relative areas of the crystalline regions for the five salts is PbCl

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Pb²⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺//Cl^––H₂O Quaternary System and Its Subsystems at 303.2 K

Liu,

Hou,

Yang

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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“…It is acceptable that the maximum absolute error of the calculated mass fraction of BaO is 0.30%, because the relative standard uncertainty of ω(BaO) is 0.0015. Equations and can be used in calculating densities and refractive indices of saturated solutions and unsaturated solutions. , where ρ and ρ 0 (0.988 g·cm –3 ) are the densities of solution and pure water at 323.2 K; n D and n D 0 (1.3292) are the refractive index data of the solution and pure water at 323.2 K, respectively. ω i is the mass fraction of mineral i .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equations 3 and 4 can be used in calculating densities and refractive indices of saturated solutions and unsaturated solutions. 20,21…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Determination and Fitting of Solid–Liquid Equilibria in the Ternary System BaO–P₂O₅–H₂O at 323.2 K

Zheng

Jin

et al. 2019

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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In this work, solubilities and physicochemical properties including pH, density, and refractive index were studied by the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method for the ternary system BaO−P 2 O 5 −H 2 O at 323.2 K. The obtained ternary phase diagram contained seven invariant points, five univariant curves, and five crystallization regions, corresponding to Ba(OH) 2 •8H 2 O, [Ba 5 (PO 4 ) 3 (OH)•(BaHPO 4 ) 1.5 ], [Ba 5 (PO 4 ) 3 (OH)• (BaHPO 4 ) 8.5 ], BaHPO 4 , and Ba(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 , respectively. Those crystals were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The estimation models were obtained by fitting the univariant curves corresponding to the crystallization regions of BaHPO 4 and Ba(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 . The properties including the refractive index, density, and mass fraction of P 2 O 5 and BaO could be estimated by putting the pH into those models. The comparisons showed that the calculated values were in good coincidence with the experimental data. All the data and results obtained in this paper could be used to improve the desulfurization effect of wet-process phosphoric acid (WPA) and help WPA gradually replace thermal-process phosphoric acid.

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“…Figure 10. Comparison of the phase diagram of the ternary system LiCl−SrCl 2 −H 2 O at 273, 298, 308, and 313 K with values from the literature: filled triangles, measured data at 273 K;16 filled diamonds, measured data at 298 K; 5 filled circles, measured data at 308 K in this work; filled squares, measured data at 313 K 4. …”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

Studies on Phase Equilibria in the Ternary System LiCl–SrCl₂–H₂O and the Quaternary System KCl–LiCl–SrCl₂–H₂O at 308 K

Gao

et al. 2019

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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The ternary system LiCl−SrCl 2 −H 2 O and the quaternary system KCl−LiCl−SrCl 2 −H 2 O at 308 K were investigated using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. According to the obtained experimental results, the phase diagrams of the two systems listed above were plotted separately. The results show that both systems belong to hydrate I-type cosaturated systems at 308 K, and there are no double salts or solid solution formation. Lithium chloride has strong salting-out effect on strontium chloride and potassium chloride. There are two invariant points, three univariate curves, and three crystallization zones of SrCl 2and LiCl•H 2 O in the ternary system LiCl−SrCl 2 −H 2 O at 308 K. The equilibrium phase diagram of the quaternary system KCl−LiCl−SrCl 2 −H 2 O at 308 K consists of two invariant points, five univariant curves, and four crystallization zones, which correspond to SrCl 2 •6H 2 O, SrCl 2 •2H 2 O, LiCl•H 2 O, and KCl. These results can provide solubility data for the development and utilization of the underground brine in the Sichuan Basin of China.

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Experimental Determination and Thermodynamic Model of Solid–Liquid Equilibria in the Ternary System (LiCl + CaCl₂ + H₂O) at 273.15 K

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Pb²⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺//Cl^––H₂O Quaternary System and Its Subsystems at 303.2 K

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Pb²⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺//Cl^––H₂O Quaternary System and Its Subsystems at 303.2 K

Experimental Determination and Fitting of Solid–Liquid Equilibria in the Ternary System BaO–P₂O₅–H₂O at 323.2 K

Studies on Phase Equilibria in the Ternary System LiCl–SrCl₂–H₂O and the Quaternary System KCl–LiCl–SrCl₂–H₂O at 308 K

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Experimental Determination and Thermodynamic Model of Solid–Liquid Equilibria in the Ternary System (LiCl + CaCl2 + H2O) at 273.15 K

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Pb2+, Ca2+, Mg2+//Cl––H2O Quaternary System and Its Subsystems at 303.2 K

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Pb2+, Ca2+, Mg2+//Cl––H2O Quaternary System and Its Subsystems at 303.2 K

Experimental Determination and Fitting of Solid–Liquid Equilibria in the Ternary System BaO–P2O5–H2O at 323.2 K

Studies on Phase Equilibria in the Ternary System LiCl–SrCl2–H2O and the Quaternary System KCl–LiCl–SrCl2–H2O at 308 K

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Experimental Determination and Thermodynamic Model of Solid–Liquid Equilibria in the Ternary System (LiCl + CaCl₂ + H₂O) at 273.15 K

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Pb²⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺//Cl^––H₂O Quaternary System and Its Subsystems at 303.2 K

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Pb²⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺//Cl^––H₂O Quaternary System and Its Subsystems at 303.2 K

Experimental Determination and Fitting of Solid–Liquid Equilibria in the Ternary System BaO–P₂O₅–H₂O at 323.2 K

Studies on Phase Equilibria in the Ternary System LiCl–SrCl₂–H₂O and the Quaternary System KCl–LiCl–SrCl₂–H₂O at 308 K