Experimental determination of the factors affecting zinc electrowinning efficiency

Scott, A. C.; Pitblado, R. M.; Barton, G.W.; Ault, A. R.

doi:10.1007/bf01016215

Cited by 47 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Similar results over the range 100-650 A m -2 at lower acidity were observed by other workers [28] and were general attributable to the negligible mass transfer resistance (or concentration overpotential) over the range of current densities. At higher temperature, both increase in current efficiency and specific energy consumption are observed (Fig.…”

Section: Effect Of Current Densitysupporting

confidence: 87%

“…As shown in Table 1 [28] and to the suppression of hydrogen evolution and corrosion inhibition of the dissolution of deposited zinc during zinc electrodeposition by blocking of the active sites through cathodic adsorption of additive [20]. On the other hand, the specific energy consumption declined rapidly with increasing temperature ( Fig.…”

Section: Effect Of Temperaturementioning

confidence: 91%

“…The increase in specific energy consumption can be attributed to the larger driving force for the electrodeposition process at higher current density, which increases both anodic and cathodic potential with increasing current density, and thus results in increasing cell voltage. Besides, this increase is also related to the increase in the IR voltage drop across the solution [28]. The cell voltage was found to increase linearly from 2.84 V at 300 A m -2 to 2.98 V at 600 A m -2 for the additive-free solution and increase sharply from 2.82 V at 300 A m -2 to 3.06 V at 600 A m -2 for the solution in presence of 5 mg dm -3 [BMIM]HSO 4 (Fig.…”

Section: Effect Of Current Densitymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, most of the literature concentrates on the effects of impurities and additives; scant information is available on the effects of temperature and current density on zinc electrodeposition from sulfate electrolytes, especially with additive in the electrolyte. Scott et al [28] observed that current efficiency increased with increasing temperature, while energy consumption declined rapidly. Thomas et al [29] claimed that tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBACL) enabled current densities of up to 2,000 A m -2 to be achieved with a current efficiency of around 85% from a zinc chloride electrolyte in a small laboratory cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Effects of temperature and current density on zinc electrodeposition from acidic sulfate electrolyte with [BMIM]HSO4 as additive

et al. 2009

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The effects of temperature and current density on cathodic current efficiency, specific energy consumption, and zinc deposit morphology during zinc electrodeposition from sulfate electrolyte in the presence of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM]HSO 4 ) as additive were investigated. The highest current efficiency (93.7%) and lowest specific energy consumption (2,486 kWh t -1 ) were achieved at 400 A m -2 and 313 K with addition of 5 mg dm -3 [BMIM]HSO 4 . In addition, the temperature dependence of some kinetic parameters for the zinc electrodeposition reaction was experimentally determined. Potentiodynamic polarization sweeps were carried out to obtain the expression for each parameter as a function of temperature. In the condition studied, the exchange current density depended on temperature as ln(i 0 ) = -a/T ? b and the charge transfer coefficient was constant. Moreover, the adsorption of the additive on cathodic surface obeyed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The associated thermodynamic parameters indicated the adsorption to be chemical.

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Section: Effect Of Current Densitysupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Effect Of Temperaturementioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Effect Of Current Densitymentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of temperature and current density on zinc electrodeposition from acidic sulfate electrolyte with [BMIM]HSO4 as additive

et al. 2009

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“…determined the lowest energy consumption. 1 Singh and O'Keefe reported the effects of zinc concentration, acid concentration, deposition time, and additive levels and conducted a statistical screening design program to determine the effects of certain operating parameters of zinc sulfate electrolyte. z The variables included temperature, acid, zinc concentrations, impurities, and organic additives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of additives on zinc deposited from zinc sulfate solutions

Afifi

Ebaid

Hegazy

et al. 1992

JOM

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Zinc is industrially electrowon from acid zinc sulfate solutions at ambient temperatures. Some refiningagents are usually added to improve the deposit qualities. Gelatin is a traditional additive, but other additives are also used. In the investigation described here, the basic parameters of deposition (e.g., current density, acid concentration, and zinc concentration) were optimized. Gelatin and a tetraalkylammonium salt (T AS) were used separately and in combination as grain refiners of the cathodic deposits. Current efficiency determination experiments were perf.ormed to investigate the role of these additives. Scanning electron micrographs of the cathodic deposits were obtained to examine the surface qualities of deposits at certain conditions. Results showed that gelatin is generally a better refiner,although T AS may be used in concentrations of 0.074 mg/l to 1 mg/l. A mixture of the two additives resulted in a decrease of current efficiency. 100

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